Ériu

Middle Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish Ériu, from Proto-Celtic *Φīweryū, from Proto-Indo-European *piHweryon-, from *piHwer- (“fat”).

Pronunciation
  • (earlier) IPA(key): /ˈeːrʲiu̯/, /ˈeːrʲu/
  • (later) IPA(key): /ˈeːrʲə/

Proper noun

Ériu f

  1. Ireland
    • c. 1000, The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig, section 1, published in Irische Teste, vol. 1 (1880), edited by Ernst Windisch:
      Ailbe ainm in chon, ocus lan Heriu dia aurdarcus.
      Ailbe was the dog’s name, and Ireland was full of his fame.
      Is í sein int ṡeised bruiden ro·boi i n‑Herind in tan sin […]
      That is one of the six halls that were in Ireland at that time […]
      (literally, “That is the sixth hall that was […] ”)

Declension

Descendants
  • Irish: Éire
  • Manx: Nerin
  • Scottish Gaelic: Èirinn

Mutation
Middle Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
ÉriuunchangednÉriu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *Φīweryū, from Proto-Indo-European *piHweryon-, from *piHwer- (“fat”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈeːrʲiu̯/

Proper noun

Ériu f

  1. Ireland (a country and island in Europe)
    Synonyms: Banba, Elg, Fódla

Declension
Feminine n-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative Ériu — —
Vocative Ériu — —
Accusative ÉrinnN — —
Genitive Érenn — —
Dative ÉrinnL, ÉriuL — —
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms
  • Érennach (“Irish”)

Descendants

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
Ériu unchanged nÉriu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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