špsj

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈʃipsit/ → /ˈʃipsiʔ/ → /ˈʃepsaʔ/ → /ˈʃepsə/

Verb
Spss

 4ae inf.

  1. Synonym of špss (“to be(come) noble or splendid”)
    • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 47–48:
      gmmn&A1 dAbM43N33C
      Z2      		 iAr
      r      		 t
      D5      		 N33C
      Z2      		 imiAqtHnZ3Anb
      t      		 A51stY2
      gm.n.j dꜣbw jꜣrrt jm jꜣqt nbt špst
      I found figs and grapes there, and splendid vegetables of all kinds.

Inflection
Conjugation of špsj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: šps
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
špst, špsj
 špsw, špsyw, šps
 špst, špswt, špsyt
 šps
 šps, špsy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
šps8
 ḥr špst, ḥr špsj
 m špst, ḥr špsj
 r špst, ḥr špsj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect šps.n
 špsw, šps, špsy
 consecutive šps.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative špst
perfective3 šps
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 šps.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective šps, špsy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 špsw, šps, špsy
 šps
 potentialis1 šps.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive šps, špsy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect šps.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective špsw1, špsy, šps
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 šps
 špsy, šps
imperfective šps, špsy, špsw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 šps, špsj6, špsy6
 šps, špsw5
prospective špsw1, špsy, šps, špstj7
 — špswtj1 4, špstj4, špst4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of špsj  
SpssY1V
šps

Derived terms

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 470.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 129
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