κατά
Ancient Greek
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Hellenic *kətá, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥-teh₂, from *ḱóm.[1]
Cognate with Hittite 𒅗𒀜𒋫 (katta, “down from, at, with, under”), Tocharian B kätk- (“to lower”) and perhaps Old Welsh cant, Modern Welsh gan (“with”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ka.tá/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /kaˈta/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /kaˈta/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /kaˈta/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /kaˈta/
Preposition
κᾰτᾰ́ • (katá) (governs the genitive and accusative)
Derived terms
- κατα- (kata-, prefix)
Further reading
- “κατά”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κατά”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κατά”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κατά in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- κατά in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “κατά”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2596 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- κατά in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- about idem, page 2.
- abuse idem, page 5.
- accordance idem, page 7.
- according to idem, page 7.
- against idem, page 18.
- agreeably idem, page 20.
- along idem, page 25.
- as idem, page 42.
- base idem, page 64.
- by idem, page 107.
- case idem, page 116.
- concerning idem, page 155.
- connection idem, page 161.
- defame idem, page 203.
- down idem, page 249.
- facing idem, page 300.
- for idem, page 334.
- front idem, page 346.
- ground idem, page 375.
- interest idem, page 450.
- laugh idem, page 478.
- libel idem, page 487.
- mock idem, page 537.
- off idem, page 569.
- opposite idem, page 576.
- reference idem, page 684.
- regard idem, page 686.
- regarding idem, page 686.
- respect idem, page 703.
- revile idem, page 710.
- scoff idem, page 740.
- search idem, page 746.
- through idem, page 871.
- throughout idem, page 871.
- under idem, page 912.
- up idem, page 937.
- way idem, page 968.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 612
Greek
Etymology
From the Ancient Greek κᾰτά (katá).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kaˈta/
Preposition
κατά • (katá)
- (with genitive) versus, against
- Έγινε έγκλημα κατά της Ελλάδας! ― Égine égklima katá tis Elládas! ― Crimes were committed against Greece!
- Antonym: υπέρ (ypér)
- (with accusative) towards
- Το δωμάτιο βλέπει κατά την ανατολή. ― To domátio vlépei katá tin anatolí. ― The room faces towards the east
- (with accusative) during
- κατά τη διάρκεια του ταξιδιού ― katá ti diárkeia tou taxidioú ― during the trip (literally, “toward the duration of the trip”)
- (with accusative) around, about, close to
- Θα έρθω κατά τις έξι το απόγευμα. ― Tha értho katá tis éxi to apógevma. ― I will come at about six in the evening.
- (with accusative) according
- κατά τον Γιώργο ... ― katá ton Giórgo ... ― according to George ...
Derived terms
- κατα- (kata-, prefix)
- ανάκατα (anákata, “topsy-turvy, higgledy-piggledy”, adverb)
- καθ' εκάστην (kath' ekástin, “every day”) (Katharevousa)
- καθέκαστα n pl (kathékasta, “details, particulars”)
- κατ΄ αποκοπήν (“with a prearranged payment”)
- κατά βάση (katá vási, “basically”)
- κατά διαβολική σύμπτωση (katá diavolikí sýmptosi, “by diabolical coincidence”)
- κατά διαβόλου σύμπτωση (katá diavólou sýmptosi, “by diabolical coincidence”) (less frequent)
- κατά διαόλου σύμπτωση (katá diaólou sýmptosi, “by diabolical coincidence”) (less frequent)
- κατά κόσμον (katá kósmon, “name of a clergyman before confirmation”)
- κατά μέτωπον (katá métopon, “head-on, in full force”)
- κατά πως (katá pos, “according (to)”)
- κατά τη διάρκεια (katá ti diárkeia, “during, for the duration of”)
- κατεξοχήν (katexochín, “eminently”)
- το κατά δύναμιν (to katá dýnamin, “to (my) best efforts, in (my) power”), το κατά δύναμη
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