э-

Southern Altai

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *er-. Compare to Turkish imek.

Verb

э- • (e-) (auxiliary, in the forms of the definite past only)

  1. Used after a past participle, forming the pluperfect tense of a verb.
  2. Used after a future participle, forming the future in the past tense of a verb.
  3. to be (auxiliary)

Conjugation
Declension Singular Plural
First эдим (edim)эдибис (edibis), эдис (edis)
Second эдиҥ (ediŋ)эдигер (ediger)
Third эди (edi)эдилер (ediler)
Conjugation of э- (e-)
infinitive эр (er)
gerund эп (ep) / эй (ey)
negative verb forms эбе- (ebe-) / эмес (emes) / эбеген (ebegen) / эбей (ebey)
past эди (edi) / эген (egen)
present эп јат (ep ǰat)
future эйтен (eyten) / эр (er)

References

N. A. Baskakov, Toščakova N.A, editor (1947), “э-”, in Ojrotsko-Russkij Slovarʹ, M.: OGIZ, →ISBN

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