երինջ

Armenian

Alternative forms

  • էրինջ (ērinǰ) dialectal

Etymology

From Old Armenian երինջ (erinǰ). According to Ačaṙyan, the sense "sprout of grapes" developed figuratively from the sense “heifer”; typologically compare որթ (ortʿ, calf; vine).

Pronunciation

Noun

երինջ (erinǰ)

  1. heifer
  2. (dialectal, Ararat) three-year-old sprout of grapes which is replanted separately

Declension

Descendants

  • Georgian: ერინჯი (erinǯi) Adjara, Chveneburi

Further reading

  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 265
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), երինջ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 56b

Old Armenian

Etymology

A Zan borrowing: compare Mingrelian ორინჯი (orinǯi), ორიჯი (oriǯi, cattle), ორჯი (orǯi, cow).[1][2] Ačaṙyan takes the borrowing in the other direction, not finding any Kartvelian cognates for Mingrelian,[3] but the latter, according to Kiria, has a native origin from Proto-Kartvelian *r-, *ar- (to be), which has number of other derivatives including Laz რინ- (rin-, to beget).[4][5][6][7][8] Javakhishvili, denying Ačaṙyan, instead connects the Mingrelian terms to Mingrelian ერჯი (erǯi), which, according to him and Klimov, is cognate to Georgian ვერძი (verʒi).[9][10]

For the sense development compare Mingrelian შხური (šxuri), Laz ჩხური (çxuri), Georgian ცხვარი (cxvari, sheep), ultimately from Proto-Georgian-Zan *c₁xow- (animate, alive) (another Kartvelian livestock term borrowed into Armenian as ոչխար (očʿxar)).

Note also Old Armenian որոջ (oroǰ), արոջ (aroǰ, lamb), երէ (erē, herbivorous game animal; living being).

The comparisons with Ancient Greek ἔριφος (ériphos, kid), Latin ariēs (ram), Lithuanian ė́ras (lamb) are unnecessary.

Noun

երինջ (erinǰ)

  1. heifer, young cow
  2. (by extension) cow
  3. (figuratively) bride

Declension

Descendants

References

  1. Кипшидзе, Иосиф (1914), ორიჯი”, in Грамматика мингрельского (иверского) языка с хрестоматией и словарем [Grammar of the Mingrelian (Iverian) Language with a Reader and a Dictionary] (Материалы по яфетическому языкознанию; 7) (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 294b
  2. Marr, N. Ja. (1912), “Jafetičeskije elementy v jazykax Armenii. IV [Japhethic Elements in the Languages of Armenia. IV]”, in Izvěstija Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk. VI serija (in Russian), volume 6, issue 13, page 834
  3. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), երինջ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 56ab
  4. Kiria, Č̣abuḳi; Ezugbaia, Lali; Memišiši, Omar; Čuxua, Merab (2015) Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 133
  5. Климов, Г. А. (1964) Этимологический словарь картвельских языков [Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Academy Press, pages 154–155
  6. Klimov, G. A. (1998), “*a-r-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 3
  7. Klimov, G. A. (1998), “*r-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 153
  8. Fähnrich, Heinz (2007) Kartwelisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary] (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.18) (in German), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 336
  9. Ǯavaxišvili, Ivane (1937) Kartveli eris isṭoriis šesavali. Ṭomi 2. Kartuli da ḳavḳasiuri enebis tavdaṗirveli buneba da natesaoba [Introduction to the history of the Georgian nation. Volume II. The original structure and relations of Caucasian and Kartvelian Languages] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press, page 200, footnote
  10. Klimov, G. A. (1998), “*werʒ₁-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 52

Further reading

  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), երինջ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 264
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), երինջ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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