խնձոր

From Old Armenian խնձոր (xnjor).

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• (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [χənˈd͡zɔɾ]
• (Western Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [χənˈt͡sʰɔɾ]

խնձոր • (xnjor)

1. apple

• Pallas, Peter Simon (1784), “Pyrus malus”, in Flora Rossica (in Latin), volume I, part I, St. Petersburg: Academy Press, page 22, recorded as chansoer

From Hurrian 𒄭𒂗𒍪𒊒 (ḫe-en-zu-ru /ḫenzūru, ḫinzur(i)/) (possibly to be transcribed ḫnzor(i)), or its unattested Urartian cognate. Akkadian 𒄭𒂗𒍪𒊒 (/ḫinzūru/), Aramaic חֲזוּרָא‎ (ḥăzzūrā), Classical Syriac ܚܙܘܪܐ‎ (ḥazzūrā) and possibly Sumerian 𒄑𒄩𒋗𒌫 (^GIŠḫa-šu-ur₂ /ḫašḫur/) are borrowed from the same source. For possible East Caucasian parallels see Diakonoff and Starostin.[1][2]

խնձոր • (xnjor)

1. apple (fruit)
   • 5th century, Pʿawstos Buzand, Hayoc Patmutʿiwnʿ [History of the Armenians] V.7:[3]

     Եւ ի ժամ աղանդեր մատուցանելոյ՝ եդին առաջի նորա միրգ, խնձոր եւ վարունգ եւ ամիճ, զի կերիցէ․

     Ew i žam ałander matucʿaneloy, edin aṙaǰi nora mirg, xnjor ew varung ew amič, zi kericʿē;

     • Translation by Nina G. Garsoïan

       And at the time for the presentation of dessert, they placed fruit before [Aršak]—apples and cucumbers and amič, that he might eat.

2. apple tree
3. (figurative) the round part of the dome under the cross

• Armenian: խնձոր (xnjor)
• Middle Armenian: խնծոր (xncor)

• Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “խնձոր”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971–1979), “խնձոր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
• Bläsing, Uwe (2019), “Die armenischen Pflanzennamen in Peter Simon Pallas’ Flora Rossica. Eine Studie zu Etymologie und sprachlicher Interaktion”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15) (in German), Leuven: Peeters, page 19
• Diakonoff, Igor M. (1985), “Hurro-Urartian Borrowings in Old Armenian”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society‎, volume 105, issue 4, pages 597–603
• Kitazumi, Tomoki (2013), “Zum Problem der Gleichung heth. Ḫayaša- = armen. haykʿ”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 163, pages 512–514
• Kogan, Leonid (2011), “Proto-Semitic Phonetics and Phonology”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 68–69
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 234
• Mkrtčjan, N. A. (1983), “Субстратные названия растений в армянском языке [Substratum Plant Names in Armenian]”, in Древний Восток‎ (in Russian), issue 4, Yerevan: Academy Press, pages 27–28
• Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “խնձոր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy