توج

See also: بوح‎, پوچ‎, and بوچ‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

Denominal verb of تَاج‎ (tāj, “crown”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /taw.wa.d͡ʒa/

Verb

تَوَّجَ • (tawwaja) II, non-past يُتَوِّجُ‎‎ (yutawwiju)

to crown
‏تُوِّجَ اللَّاعِبُ بَطَلًا.‎‎ ― tuwwija l-lāʕibu baṭalan. ― The athlete was crowned champion.

Conjugation

Conjugation of

تَوَّجَ

(form-II sound)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَتْوِيج‎ tatwīj
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُتَوِّج‎ mutawwij
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُتَوَّج‎ mutawwaj
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تَوَّجْتُ‎ tawwajtu	تَوَّجْتَ‎ tawwajta	تَوَّجَ tawwaja	تَوَّجْتُمَا‎ tawwajtumā	تَوَّجَا‎ tawwajā	تَوَّجْنَا‎ tawwajnā	تَوَّجْتُمْ‎ tawwajtum	تَوَّجُوا‎ tawwajū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	تَوَّجْتُ‎ tawwajtu	تَوَّجْتِ‎ tawwajti	تَوَّجَتْ‎ tawwajat	تَوَّجْتُمَا‎ tawwajtumā	تَوَّجَتَا‎ tawwajatā	تَوَّجْنَا‎ tawwajnā	تَوَّجْتُنَّ‎ tawwajtunna	تَوَّجْنَ‎ tawwajna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُتَوِّجُ‎ ʔutawwiju	تُتَوِّجُ‎ tutawwiju	يُتَوِّجُ‎ yutawwiju	تُتَوِّجَانِ‎ tutawwijāni	يُتَوِّجَانِ‎ yutawwijāni	نُتَوِّجُ‎ nutawwiju	تُتَوِّجُونَ‎ tutawwijūna	يُتَوِّجُونَ‎ yutawwijūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُتَوِّجُ‎ ʔutawwiju	تُتَوِّجِينَ‎ tutawwijīna	تُتَوِّجُ‎ tutawwiju	تُتَوِّجَانِ‎ tutawwijāni	تُتَوِّجَانِ‎ tutawwijāni	نُتَوِّجُ‎ nutawwiju	تُتَوِّجْنَ‎ tutawwijna	يُتَوِّجْنَ‎ yutawwijna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُتَوِّجَ‎ ʔutawwija	تُتَوِّجَ‎ tutawwija	يُتَوِّجَ‎ yutawwija	تُتَوِّجَا‎ tutawwijā	يُتَوِّجَا‎ yutawwijā	نُتَوِّجَ‎ nutawwija	تُتَوِّجُوا‎ tutawwijū	يُتَوِّجُوا‎ yutawwijū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُتَوِّجَ‎ ʔutawwija	تُتَوِّجِي‎ tutawwijī	تُتَوِّجَ‎ tutawwija	تُتَوِّجَا‎ tutawwijā	تُتَوِّجَا‎ tutawwijā	نُتَوِّجَ‎ nutawwija	تُتَوِّجْنَ‎ tutawwijna	يُتَوِّجْنَ‎ yutawwijna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُتَوِّجْ‎ ʔutawwij	تُتَوِّجْ‎ tutawwij	يُتَوِّجْ‎ yutawwij	تُتَوِّجَا‎ tutawwijā	يُتَوِّجَا‎ yutawwijā	نُتَوِّجْ‎ nutawwij	تُتَوِّجُوا‎ tutawwijū	يُتَوِّجُوا‎ yutawwijū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُتَوِّجْ‎ ʔutawwij	تُتَوِّجِي‎ tutawwijī	تُتَوِّجْ‎ tutawwij	تُتَوِّجَا‎ tutawwijā	تُتَوِّجَا‎ tutawwijā	نُتَوِّجْ‎ nutawwij	تُتَوِّجْنَ‎ tutawwijna	يُتَوِّجْنَ‎ yutawwijna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		تَوِّجْ tawwij		تَوِّجَا‎ tawwijā			تَوِّجُوا‎ tawwijū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		تَوِّجِي‎ tawwijī		تَوِّجَا‎ tawwijā			تَوِّجْنَ‎ tawwijna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تُوِّجْتُ‎ tuwwijtu	تُوِّجْتَ‎ tuwwijta	تُوِّجَ tuwwija	تُوِّجْتُمَا‎ tuwwijtumā	تُوِّجَا‎ tuwwijā	تُوِّجْنَا‎ tuwwijnā	تُوِّجْتُمْ‎ tuwwijtum	تُوِّجُوا‎ tuwwijū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	تُوِّجْتُ‎ tuwwijtu	تُوِّجْتِ‎ tuwwijti	تُوِّجَتْ‎ tuwwijat	تُوِّجْتُمَا‎ tuwwijtumā	تُوِّجَتَا‎ tuwwijatā	تُوِّجْنَا‎ tuwwijnā	تُوِّجْتُنَّ‎ tuwwijtunna	تُوِّجْنَ‎ tuwwijna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُتَوَّجُ‎ ʔutawwaju	تُتَوَّجُ‎ tutawwaju	يُتَوَّجُ‎ yutawwaju	تُتَوَّجَانِ‎ tutawwajāni	يُتَوَّجَانِ‎ yutawwajāni	نُتَوَّجُ‎ nutawwaju	تُتَوَّجُونَ‎ tutawwajūna	يُتَوَّجُونَ‎ yutawwajūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُتَوَّجُ‎ ʔutawwaju	تُتَوَّجِينَ‎ tutawwajīna	تُتَوَّجُ‎ tutawwaju	تُتَوَّجَانِ‎ tutawwajāni	تُتَوَّجَانِ‎ tutawwajāni	نُتَوَّجُ‎ nutawwaju	تُتَوَّجْنَ‎ tutawwajna	يُتَوَّجْنَ‎ yutawwajna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُتَوَّجَ‎ ʔutawwaja	تُتَوَّجَ‎ tutawwaja	يُتَوَّجَ‎ yutawwaja	تُتَوَّجَا‎ tutawwajā	يُتَوَّجَا‎ yutawwajā	نُتَوَّجَ‎ nutawwaja	تُتَوَّجُوا‎ tutawwajū	يُتَوَّجُوا‎ yutawwajū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُتَوَّجَ‎ ʔutawwaja	تُتَوَّجِي‎ tutawwajī	تُتَوَّجَ‎ tutawwaja	تُتَوَّجَا‎ tutawwajā	تُتَوَّجَا‎ tutawwajā	نُتَوَّجَ‎ nutawwaja	تُتَوَّجْنَ‎ tutawwajna	يُتَوَّجْنَ‎ yutawwajna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُتَوَّجْ‎ ʔutawwaj	تُتَوَّجْ‎ tutawwaj	يُتَوَّجْ‎ yutawwaj	تُتَوَّجَا‎ tutawwajā	يُتَوَّجَا‎ yutawwajā	نُتَوَّجْ‎ nutawwaj	تُتَوَّجُوا‎ tutawwajū	يُتَوَّجُوا‎ yutawwajū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُتَوَّجْ‎ ʔutawwaj	تُتَوَّجِي‎ tutawwajī	تُتَوَّجْ‎ tutawwaj	تُتَوَّجَا‎ tutawwajā	تُتَوَّجَا‎ tutawwajā	نُتَوَّجْ‎ nutawwaj	تُتَوَّجْنَ‎ tutawwajna	يُتَوَّجْنَ‎ yutawwajna

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish توج‎ (tuc, tuç).

Alternative forms

تُونْج‎ (tunj)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tuːd͡ʒ/

Noun

تُوج • (tūj) m

(archaic) bronze
Synonyms: فِلِزّ‎ (filizz), بُرُونْز‎ (burūnz)

Declension

Declension of noun تُوج (tūj)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تُوج tūj	التُّوج‎ at-tūj	تُوج tūj
Nominative	تُوجٌ tūjun	التُّوجُ‎ at-tūju	تُوجُ tūju
Accusative	تُوجًا‎ tūjan	التُّوجَ‎ at-tūja	تُوجَ tūja
Genitive	تُوجٍ tūjin	التُّوجِ‎ at-tūji	تُوجِ tūji

References

Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “توج”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 154b
Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “تونج”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 147b

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

تونج‎ (tunc, tunç), طونج‎ (tunc, tunç).

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 銅 (MC duŋ, “bronze”).

Noun

تۉج • (tuc, tuç)

bronze

Descendants

Turkish: tunç
→ Albanian: tuç, tunxh, tunsh, tuç, trunç, trunxh, truxh (archaic)
→ Arabic: تُوج‎ (tūj), تُونْج‎ (tunj) (archaic)
→ Armenian: թուջ (tʿuǰ)
→ Aromanian: tuciu, tunge, tungiu
→ Bulgarian: туч (tuč), тунч (tunč) (archaic)
→ Crimean Tatar: tunç, tuç
→ Georgian:
→ Greek: τούντζι (toúntzi), τούντζυ (toúntzy)
→ Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: tûnc, tunc, tûc
→ Macedonian: туч (tuč) (archaic)
→ Persian: توج‎ (tuj) (archaic)
→ Romanian: tuci
→ Serbo-Croatian: (archaic)
Cyrillic script: ту̏ч

Latin script: tȕč

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 449, calls تونج‎ (tunc, tunç) a more recent and secondary formation, and the Persian a Turkish loanword
Doerfer, Gerhard (1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission)‎ (in German), volume 4, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 276–277, but here the Kurdish is said from Azerbaijani
Kélékian, Diran (1911), “توج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 411b
Kélékian, Diran (1911), “تونج”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 418a
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “توج”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 1453, does not even have the recent تونج‎ (tunc, tunç) variant
Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007), “1546. TÚNGSE”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите, →ISBN, page 187

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ت و ج‎

Etymology

From Arabic تَوَّجَ‎ (tawwaja).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /taw.waʒ/, [ˈtaw.waʒ], [ˈtaw.wad͡ʒ]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)

Verb

توّج • (tawwaj) (form II, present بتوّج‎ (bitawwej))

to crown

Conjugation

Conjugation of توّج (tawwaj)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	توّجت (tawwajt)	توّجت (tawwajt)	توّج (tawwaj)	توّجنا (tawwajna)	توّجتو (tawwajtu)	توّجو (tawwaju)
past	f	توّجت (tawwajt)	توّجتي (tawwajti)	توّجت (tawwajat)	توّجنا (tawwajna)	توّجتو (tawwajtu)	توّجو (tawwaju)
present	m	بتوّج (batawwej)	بتتوّج (bittawwej)	بتوّج (bitawwej)	منتوّج (mintawwej)	بتتوّجو (bittawwju)	بتوّجو (bitawwju)
present	f	بتوّج (batawwej)	بتتوّجي (bittawwji)	بتتوّج (bittawwej)	منتوّج (mintawwej)	بتتوّجو (bittawwju)	بتوّجو (bitawwju)
subjunctive	m	اتوّج (atawwej)	تتوّج (ttawwej)	يتوّج (ytawwej)	نتوّج (ntawwej)	تتوّجو (ttawwju)	يتوّجو (ytawwju)
subjunctive	f	اتوّج (atawwej)	تتوّجي (ttawwji)	تتوّج (ttawwej)	نتوّج (ntawwej)	تتوّجو (ttawwju)	يتوّجو (ytawwju)
imperative	m		توّج (tawwej)			توّجو (tawwju)
imperative	f		توّجي (tawwji)			توّجو (tawwju)

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