خشت

See also: حسب‎, جست‎, چست‎, حست‎, خشب‎, خسپ‎, ح س ب‎, and خ ش ب‎

Persian

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /xiʃt/

(Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /xɪʃt/

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /xeʃt/

(Tajik) IPA^(key): /xiʃt/

Etymology 1

See Old Armenian աշտեայ (ašteay).

Noun

خشت • (xešt) (plural خشت‌ها‎ (xešt-hâ))

(archaic) javelin, dart, spear, halberd, poleaxe

Descendants

→ Old Armenian: խիշտ (xišt)
- Armenian: խիշտ (xišt)
→ Georgian: ხიშტი (xišṭi)

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “خشت”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 510

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (hšt' /xišt/, “brick”), from Old Persian 𐎡𐏁𐎫𐎡 (i-š-t-i /išti-/, “sun-dried brick”), possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate .[1][2] Cognate with Avestan 𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬌𐬌𐬀‎ (ištiia, “brick”), 𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬌‎ (išti), 𐬰𐬆𐬨𐬋𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬎𐬎𐬀‎ (zəmōištuua, “clay brick”), Sanskrit इष्टका (iṣṭakā, “brick”), Tocharian B iścem (“clay”), Pashto خښته‎ (ḵẖaś̱ẖtaʿh), and possibly Parthian 𐫍𐫏𐫢𐫎𐫏𐫃‎ (hyšṯyg, “brick”).

Noun

خشت • (xešt) (plural خشت‌ها‎ (xešt-hâ))

خشت

adobe, sun-dried brick

Derived terms

خشتی‎ (xešti)

Descendants

Tajik: хишт (xišt)
- → Uzbek: gʻisht
→ Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: خشت‎ (xişt)

References

Lubotsky, Alexander (1999), “The Indo-Iranian substratum”, in Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations‎, Helsinki, page 4
Schmitt, Rüdiger (2017–2018), “Chapter XVII: Indo-Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Indo-Iranian, page 1949: “*išta-, *išti- ‘brick’”

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[1] Lubotsky, Alexander (1999), “The Indo-Iranian substratum”, in Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations‎, Helsinki, page 4

[2] Schmitt, Rüdiger (2017–2018), “Chapter XVII: Indo-Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Indo-Iranian, page 1949: “*išta-, *išti- ‘brick’”