خواجه

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian خواجه‎ (xâje).

Noun

خواجه • (hoca)

  1. teacher
  2. professor
  3. master
  4. hodja

Descendants

  • Turkish: hoca
    • → Albanian: hoxhë
    • → English: hodja
    • → Greek: χότζα (chótza)
    • → French: hodja
    • → German: Hodscha
    • → Serbo-Croatian: Hodža
    • → Portuguese: hodja
  • → Albanian: hoxhë
  • → Greek: χότζας (chótzas), Χατζάκης (Chatzákis)
  • → Hungarian: hodzsa
  • → Middle Armenian: խօջայ (xōǰay), խոջայ (xoǰay), խօճայ (xōčay)
    • Armenian: խոջա (xoǰa), հօճա (hōča), խօճա (xōča)
  • → Romanian: hoge
  • → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic script: хоџа
    Latin script: hȍdža, Hodžić
  • → Slovak: hodža

Persian

Dari خواجه
Iranian Persian
Tajik хоҷа (xoja)

Etymology

Ultimately derived from a Middle Indo-Aryan reflex of Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya, “teacher; preceptor; spiritual adviser”), via Central Asian intermediaries.[1][2] Various Middle Indo-Aryan reflexes are attested from all stages, including Maharastri Prakrit 𑀉𑀯𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀅 (uvajjhāa), but the Central Asian loaning source most closely resembles an unattested *𑀯𑀸𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀅 (*vājjhāa) — matching Sindhi واجهو‎ (vājho, “Hindu schoolteacher”), cf. also Tamil வாத்தியார் (vāttiyār, “teacher; instructor; family priest”). The initial aspiration in Classical Persian خواجه (xwāja) is also found in Khwarezmian خواجیک‎ (xwʾjyk /xwājīk/, “venerated man”) and Chinese 和尚 (héshàng, “Buddhist monk”) (see more there).

Pronunciation

  • (Tajik) IPA(key): /xɔd͡ʒa/

Noun

خواجه • (xâje) (plural خواجه‌ها‎ (xâje-hâ) or خواجگان‎ (xâjegân))

  1. lord, master, owner
  2. (archaic) dignitary, gentleman
    Synonyms: مهتر‎ (mehtar), بزرگ‎ (bozorg), سید‎ (seyyed), آقا‎ (âqâ)
  3. (archaic) wealthy man
    Synonyms: مالدار‎ (mâldâr), ثروتمند‎ (servatmand)
  4. (archaic) a polite form of address of a man, mister
  5. Khwajah, vizier
  6. (colloquial, historical) eunuch
    Synonym: اخته‎ (axte)

Derived terms

  • حواجه‌زاده‎ (xâje-zâde)
  • حواجه‌سرا‎ (xâje-sarâ)
  • خواجگی‎ (xâjegi)
  • سرخواجه‎ (sar-xâje)

Descendants

  • Tajik: хоҷа (xoja) / خواجه‎
  • → Bengali: খোজা (khōja)
  • → Gujarati: ખોજા (khojā)
  • → Kazakh: Қожа (Qoja)
  • → Malay: khoja
  • → Punjabi: ਖ਼ੋਜਾ (xojā) / خوجہ‎ (xojā)
  • → Sindhi: خوجه‎
  • → Turkmen: Hoja
  • → Uyghur: خوجا‎ (xoja)
    • → Mandarin: 獲嘉/获嘉 (huòjiā)
  • → Uzbek: xoja, xoʻja
  • → Arabic: خَوَاجَة‎ (ḵawāja)
  • → Azerbaijani: xoca
  • → Bashkir: хужа (xuja)
  • → Bengali: খাজা (khaja)
  • → Hindustani:
    Hindi: ख़्वाजा (xvājā)
    Urdu: خواجہ‎ (xājā, xvājā)
  • → Punjabi: ਖ਼ਵਾਜਾ (xavājā) / خواجہ‎ (xvājā)
  • → Sindhi: خواجه‎
  • → Ottoman Turkish: خواجه‎ (hâce, hoca)
    • Turkish: hoca
      • → Albanian: hoxhë
      • → English: hodja
      • → Greek: χότζα (chótza)
      • → French: hodja
      • → German: Hodscha
      • → Serbo-Croatian: Hodža
      • → Portuguese: hodja
    • → Albanian: hoxhë
    • → Greek: χότζας (chótzas), Χατζάκης (Chatzákis)
    • → Hungarian: hodzsa
    • → Middle Armenian: խօջայ (xōǰay), խոջայ (xoǰay), խօճայ (xōčay)
      • Armenian: խոջա (xoǰa), հօճա (hōča), խօճա (xōča)
    • → Romanian: hoge
    • → Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: хоџа
      Latin script: hȍdža, Hodžić
    • → Slovak: hodža

References

  1. Asatrian, Garnik (2011), “Review: Iranian Loanwords in Syriac (Beiträge zur Iranistik 28) by Claudia A. Ciancaglini”, in Iran and the Caucasus‎, volume 15, issue 1/2, page 324
  2. Asatrian, Garnik (2012), “Marginal remarks on the history of some Persian words”, in Iran and the Caucasus‎, volume 16, issue 1, page 108

Further reading

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.