دوست

Baluchi

Etymology

From Persian ‎ (dôst).

Noun

دوست • (dost)

friend

Pashto

Etymology

From Persian ‎ (dôst).

Noun

دوست • (dost) m (plural دوستان‎ (dostân))

(obsolete, unfashionable) friend
Synonym: ملګری‎ (mëlgëray)

Declension

declension of دوست

	singular	plural
direct	دوست (dost)	دوستان‎ (dostân)
oblique I	دوست (dost)	دوستانو‎ (dostâno)
oblique II	دوسته‎ (dosta)	دوستانو‎ (dostâno)
vocative	دوسته‎ (dosta)	دوستانو‎ (dostâno)

References

Raverty, H. G. (1867), “دوست”, in A dictionary of the Puk'hto, Pus'hto, or language of the Afghans: with remarks on the originality of the language, and its affinity to other oriental tongues, London: Williams & Nortgate

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭣𐭥𐭮𐭲𐭩‎ (dwst' /dōst/), from Old Persian 𐎭𐎢𐏁𐎫𐎠 (d-u-š-t-a /dauštā/), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews- (“to taste, to try”). Cognates with Sanskrit जुष्ट (juṣṭa), Avestan 𐬰𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬀‎ (zušta), Latin gustus.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /doːst/

(Dari): IPA^(key): /doːst/

(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /duːst/
(Tajik): IPA^(key): /dɵːst/
audio (file)

Noun

Iranian Persian	دوست
Dari	دوست
Tajik	дӯст (düst)

دوست • (dust) (plural دوستان‎ (dustân) or دوست‌ها‎ (dust-hâ))

friend
Synonym: جوره‎ (jure)

Inflection

Possessive forms of دوست (dust)
	singular	plural
1^st person singular (“my”)	دوستم‎ (dustam)	دوستانم‎ (dustấnam) دوستام‎ ^△ (dustấm)
2^nd person singular (“your”)	دوستت‎ (dustat) [Term?] ^△ (dustet)	دوستانت‎ (dustấnat) دوستات‎ ^△ (dustất)
3^rd person singular (“his, her, its”)	دوستش‎ (dustaš) [Term?] ^△ (dusteš)	دوستانش‎ (dustấnaš) دوستاش‎ ^△ (dustấš)

1^st plural (“our”)	دوستمان‎ (dustemân) دوستمون‎ ^△ (dustemun)	دوستانمان‎ (dustấnemân) دوستامون‎ ^△ (dustấmun)
2^nd plural (“your”)	دوستتان‎ (dustetân) دوستتون‎ ^△ (dustetun)	دوستانتان‎ (dustấnetân) دوستاتون‎ ^△ (dustấtun)
3^rd plural (“their”)	دوستشان‎ (dustešân) دوستشون‎ ^△ (dustešun)	دوستانشان‎ (dustấnešân) دوستاشون‎ ^△ (dustấšun)
^△ Colloquial.

Possessive forms of دوست (dust)
	singular	plural
1^st person singular (“my”)	دوستم‎ (dustam)	دوست‌هایم‎ (dust-hấyam) دوست‌هام، دوستام‎ ^△ (dustấm)
2^nd person singular (“your”)	دوستت‎ (dustat) [Term?] ^△ (dustet)	دوست‌هایت‎ (dust-hấyat) دوست‌هات، دوستات‎ ^△ (dustất)
3^rd person singular (“his, her, its”)	دوستش‎ (dustaš) [Term?] ^△ (dusteš)	دوست‌هایش‎ (dust-hấyaš) دوست‌هاش، دوستاش‎ ^△ (dustấš)

1^st plural (“our”)	دوستمان‎ (dustemân) دوستمون‎ ^△ (dustemun)	دوست‌هایمان‎ (dust-hấyemân) دوست‌هامون، دوستامون‎ ^△ (dustấmun)
2^nd plural (“your”)	دوستتان‎ (dustetân) دوستتون‎ ^△ (dustetun)	دوست‌هایتان‎ (dust-hấyetân) دوست‌هاتون، دوستاتون‎ ^△ (dustấtun)
3^rd plural (“their”)	دوستشان‎ (dustešân) دوستشون‎ ^△ (dustešun)	دوست‌هایشان‎ (dust-hấyešân) دوست‌هاشون، دوستاشون‎ ^△ (dustấšun)
^△ Colloquial.

Derived terms

دوست داشتن‎ (dust dâštan)
دوستانه‎ (dustâne)
دوستی‎ (dusti)

Descendants

→ Armenian: դոստ (dost)
→ Azerbaijani: dost
→ Baluchi: دوست‎ (dost)
→ Bashkir: дуҫ (duθ)
→ Bengali: দোস্ত (dōsto)
→ Chinese:
Mandarin: 朵斯提 (duǒsītí)
→ Crimean Tatar: dost
→ Dongxiang: dosi
→ Hindi: दोस्त (dost)
→ Kazakh: дос (dos)
→ Northern Kurdish: dost
→ Kyrgyz: дос (dos)
→ Pashto: دوست‎ (dost)
→ Punjabi: ਦੋਸਤ (dosat), دوست‎ (dost)
→ Turkish: dost
→ Urdu: دوست‎ (dost)
→ Uyghur: دوست‎ (dost)
→ Uzbek: doʻst
→ Zazaki: dost

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ‎ (dôst), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews- (“to taste, to try”).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪oːst̪/

(Deccani) IPA^(key): /d̪oːst̪/
Rhymes: -oːst̪

Noun

دوسْت • (dost) m (Hindi spelling दोस्त)

friend
Synonyms: یار‎ (yar), متر‎ (mitra)

Declension

Declension of دوست
	singular	plural
direct	دوست‎ (dost)	دوست‎ (dost)
oblique	دوست‎ (dost)	دوستوں‎ (dostō̃)
vocative	دوست‎ (dost)	دوستو‎ (dostō)

Related terms

دوستی‎ (dostī, “friendship”)
سہیلی‎ (sahelī, “female friend”)

References

“دوست”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
“دوست”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.

Uyghur

Other scripts
Perso-Arabic	دوست‎
Latin	‍dost‍
Cyrillic	дост

Etymology

From Chagatai [Term?], from Classical Persian ‎ (dōst), from Middle Persian [script needed] (dwst' /dōst/), from Old Persian 𐎭𐎢𐏁𐎫𐎠 (d-u-š-t-a /daušta/).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dos/

Noun

دوست • (dost) (plural دوستلار‎ (dostlar))

friend
Synonyms: ئاداش‎ (adash), ئاغىنە‎ (aghine), ئۈلپەت‎ (ülpet)

‏دۈشمەننىڭ دۈشمىنى دوست.‎‎
düshmenning düshmini dost.
An enemy of an enemy is a friend.

Usage notes

دوست‎ (dost) is the regular term for a friend, while ئاداش‎ (adash) refers to close friends. However, ئاداش‎ (adash) should be used to strangers to show politeness. ئاغىنە‎ (aghine) is used for contemporaries, while ئۈلپەت‎ (ülpet) refers to companions at work, or whom one is collaborating with.

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