سمندر

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Hindustani سمندر‎ / समंदर (samandar), from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /səmˈənˈd̪ər/

Noun

سمندر • (samandar) m

  1. ocean

Persian

Alternative forms
  • سمندل‎ (samandal)
  • سمندول‎ (samandul)
  • سمندور‎ (samandur)
  • سمندون‎ (samandun)
  • سمندوک‎ (samanduk)

Etymology

Long considered a compound from سام‎ (sâm, “fire, flame”), and اندر‎ (andar, “inside”) by most Persian dictionaries. [1]

This would be etymologically correct because a synonym of salamander in Persian is آذرشین‎ (âzaršin, literally “fire-sitter”)[2] and this animal has been long featured in Persian mythology and Persian literature.

However, Dehkhoda rejects this derivation, and says that it is folk etymology; as سمندر‎ (samandar), is most likely from Ancient Greek σαλαμάνδρα (salamándra).[3] But the origin of the Greek term is uncertain and there is a small possibility that it is from Persian.

Pronunciation
  • (Tajik) IPA(key): /samanˈdaɾ/

Noun
Dari سمندر
Iranian Persian
Tajik самандар, саламандр (samandar, salamandr)

سمندر • (samandar)

  1. salamander
    • 9th century, Rudaki
      ‏به آتش درون بر مثال سمندر
      به آب اندرون بر مثال نهنگان      ‎
      ba âtaš darôn bar misâl-î samadar, ba âb andarôn bar misâl-î nahangân
      in fire like a salamander, in water like a whale
  2. a mythological fire-dwelling creature which will die should it leave the fire

Descendants
  • → Azerbaijani: səməndər
  • → Malay: semandar
  • → Ottoman Turkish: سمندر‎ (semender)
    • Turkish: semender

References
  1. Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “سام”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
  2. Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “آذرشین”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
  3. Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “سمندر”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

Urdu

Etymology

Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit समुद्र (samudra). Doublet of سمدر‎ (samudra).

Pronunciation

Noun

سمندر • (samandar) f (Hindi spelling समंदर)

  1. sea
    Synonym: بحیرہ‎ (bahīrā)

Declension
Declension of سمندر
singular plural
direct سمندر‎ (samandar) سمندر‎ (samandar)
oblique سمندر‎ (samandar) سمندروں‎ (samandarō̃)
vocative سمندر‎ (samandar) سمندرو‎ (samandarō)

Descendants

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu سمندر‎ (samandar).

Noun

سمندر (samandar)

  1. sea
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