شہر

See also: شهر‎ and سہر‎

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian شَهر‎ (šahr).

Pronunciation

Noun

شَہِر or شَہَر • (śahir or śahar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਹਿਰ)

  1. city (urban area)
    ‏اَسِیں شَہَر توں آئے آں۔‎‎
    asīṉ śahar toṉ ā'e āṉ.
    We've come from the city.

Declension
Declension of شہر
dir. sg. شَہِر‎ (śahir)
dir. pl. شَہِر‎ (śahir)
singular plural
direct شَہِر‎ (śahir) شَہِر‎ (śahir)
oblique شَہِر‎ (śahir) شَہِراں‎ (śahirāṉ)
vocative شَہِرا‎ (śahirā) شَہِرو‎ (śahiro)
ablative شَہِروں‎ (śahiroṉ) —
locative شَہِرے‎ (śahire) شَہِرِیں‎ (śahirīṉ)
instrumental شَہِرے‎ (śahire) شَہِرِیں‎ (śahirīṉ)

References
  • “شہر‎”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2023
  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “شہر‎”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian شَهر‎ (šahr), from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩‎ (štʿy /šahr/), from Proto-Iranian *xšaθram (likely through Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀‎ (xšaθra, “kingdom”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to attain”). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षत्र (kṣatrá, “dominion, kingdom”), and Parthian 𐭇𐭔𐭕𐭓‎ (ḥštr /xšahr/). Doublet of کھاتا‎ (khātā).

Pronunciation

Noun

شَہَر • (śahar) m (Hindi spelling शहर)

  1. city (urban area)
  2. (loosely) town
    Synonym: نگر‎ (nagar)

Declension
Declension of شہر
singular plural
direct شہر‎ (śahr) شہر‎ (śahr)
oblique شہر‎ (śahr) شہروں‎ (śahrō̃)
vocative شہر‎ (śahr) شہرو‎ (śahrō)

References
  • “شہر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “شہر”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
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