شیر

See also: شێر‎, سیر‎, سير‎, and ـسز‎

Baluchi

Noun

شیر • (šír)

milk

Central Kurdish

شیر

Etymology

Cognate with Persian ‎ (šir).

Noun

شیر (şîr)

milk (the liquid)

Kashmiri

Etymology

Borrowed from Punjabi شیر‎ (śer).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʃeːr/

Noun

شیر • (śēr) m (Devanagari शेर)

tiger
Synonym: سٕہہ‎ (sụhh)

Verb

شیر • (śēr)

imperative singular of شیرُن‎ (śērun, “to fix, repair”)

Persian

‏‎ ― A male African lion

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐫢𐫃𐫡‎ (šgr /šagr, šēr/, “lion; (astronomy) Leo”).

Sense 2 is from the fact that the first taps in Iran looked like lions heads.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃeːɾ/

(Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃeːɾ/

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

(Tajik) IPA^(key): /ʃeɾ/

Noun

Iranian Persian	شیر
Dari	شیر
Tajik	шер (šer)

شیر or شیر • (šir or šêr) (plural شیرها‎ (šir-hâ) or شیران‎ (širân))

lion
Synonyms: ارسلان‎ (arsalân), اسد‎ (asad)
faucet, tap
(India) tiger (sometimes also applied to the leopard)

Derived terms

شیرمَرد‎ (širmard, “hero, gallant”)
شیرزَن‎ (širzan, “lioness, heroine”)
شیرفَش‎ (širfaš, “lionlike, leonine”)
شیرَافکَن‎ (šir-afkan, “lion-slayer”)
شیرَاوژَن‎ (šir-owžan, “lion-slayer”)
شیردِل‎ (šir-del, “lionheart”)
شیردال‎ (šir-dâl, “griffin”)
شیرِ کوهی‎ (šir-e-kuhi, “puma”)
شیرِ دَریایی‎ (šir-e-daryâyi, “sea lion”)
تولِه‌شیر‎ (tule-šir, “lion cub”)
شیرماهی‎ (šir-mâhi, “Spanish mackerel”)
شیرشاه‎ (šir-šâh, “Lion King”)
شیر و خوَرشید‎ (šir-o-xoršid, “Lion and Sun”)
شیر یا خَط‎ (šir-yâ-xat, “heads or tails”)
شیر شُدَن‎ (šir šodan, “to summon up the courage”)
شیر کَردَن‎ (šir kardan, “to incite, provoke”)

Proper noun

شیر • (šêr)

(astronomy) Leo
Synonym: اَسَد‎ (asad)

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “šagr, šēr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, pages 78–79

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (HLḆA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (šyl), 𐫢𐫏𐫏𐫡‎ (šyyr /šīr/, “milk”), from Proto-Iranian *xšiHrám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšiHrám.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

(Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

(Tajik) IPA^(key): /ʃiɾ/

Noun

Iranian Persian	شیر
Dari	شیر
Tajik	шир (šir)

شیر • (šir)

milk
- ‏‎
  kami šir ezâfe kon
  Add a little milk.

Inflection

Possessive forms of شیر (šir)
	singular	plural
1^st person (“my, our”)	شیرم‎ (širam)	شیرمان‎ (širemân) [Term?]^△ (širemun)
2^nd person (“your”)	شیرت‎ (širat) [Term?]^△ (širet)	شیرتان‎ (širetân) [Term?]^△ (širetun)
3^rd person (“his, her, its, their”)	شیرش‎ (širaš) [Term?]^△ (šireš)	شیرشان‎ (širešân) [Term?]^△ (širešun)
^△ Colloquial.

Derived terms

هَمشیرِه‎ (hamšire)

Descendants

→ Bengali: শের (śer)
→ Gilaki: شیر‎ (šīr)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: शीर (śīr)

Urdu: شیر‎ (šīr)
→ Ottoman Turkish: شیر‎ (şîr)
- Turkish: şir
Uzbek: sher

References

MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “šīr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 90

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian ‎ (šêr).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ʃeːɾ/

(Deccani) IPA^(key): /ʃeːɾ/

Noun

شیر • (śer) m (Hindi spelling शेर)

lion
Synonym: سنگھ‎ (sĩṅgh)
tiger
Synonym: باگھ‎ (bāgh)

Declension

Declension of شیر
	singular	plural
direct	شیر‎ (śer)	شیر‎ (śer)
oblique	شیر‎ (śer)	شیروں‎ (śerō̃)
vocative	شیر‎ (śer)	شیرو‎ (śerō)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian ‎ (šir).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

(Deccani) IPA^(key): /ʃiːɾ/

Noun

شیر • (śīr) m (Hindi spelling शीर)

milk
Synonym: دودھ‎ (dūdh)

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