ضد

See also: صد‎

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ض د د‎ (ḍ-d-d). Likely related to Hebrew צד‎ (tsád).

Pronunciation 1
  • IPA(key): /dˤidd/

Noun

ضِدّ • (ḍidd) m (plural أَضْدَاد‎ (ʔaḍdād))

  1. opposite, contrast
    ‏اَلسَّوَادُ ضِدُّ الْبَيَاضِ‎
    as-sawādu ḍiddu l-bayāḍi
    The black is an opposite of the white.
  2. alike, equal, match, counterpart
    ‏لَيْسَ لَهُ ضِدٌّ فِي ٱجْتِهَادِهِ‎
    laysa lahu ḍiddun fī jtihādihi
    There is no equivalent to his diligence.
  3. (semantics) word with two opposite meanings; auto-antonym
  4. antonym
  5. adversary, opponent
  6. antitoxin, antidote, anti-
Declension
Declension of noun ضِدّ (ḍidd)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal ضِدّ
ḍidd		 الضِّدّ‎
aḍ-ḍidd		 ضِدّ
ḍidd
Nominative ضِدٌّ
ḍiddun		 الضِّدُّ‎
aḍ-ḍiddu		 ضِدُّ
ḍiddu
Accusative ضِدًّا‎
ḍiddan		 الضِّدَّ‎
aḍ-ḍidda		 ضِدَّ
ḍidda
Genitive ضِدٍّ
ḍiddin		 الضِّدِّ‎
aḍ-ḍiddi		 ضِدِّ
ḍiddi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal ضِدَّيْن‎
ḍiddayn		 الضِّدَّيْن‎
aḍ-ḍiddayn		 ضِدَّيْ‎
ḍidday
Nominative ضِدَّانِ‎
ḍiddāni		 الضِّدَّانِ‎
aḍ-ḍiddāni		 ضِدَّا‎
ḍiddā
Accusative ضِدَّيْنِ‎
ḍiddayni		 الضِّدَّيْنِ‎
aḍ-ḍiddayni		 ضِدَّيْ‎
ḍidday
Genitive ضِدَّيْنِ‎
ḍiddayni		 الضِّدَّيْنِ‎
aḍ-ḍiddayni		 ضِدَّيْ‎
ḍidday
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَضْدَاد‎
ʔaḍdād		 الْأَضْدَاد‎
al-ʔaḍdād		 أَضْدَاد‎
ʔaḍdād
Nominative أَضْدَادٌ‎
ʔaḍdādun		 الْأَضْدَادُ‎
al-ʔaḍdādu		 أَضْدَادُ‎
ʔaḍdādu
Accusative أَضْدَادًا‎
ʔaḍdādan		 الْأَضْدَادَ‎
al-ʔaḍdāda		 أَضْدَادَ‎
ʔaḍdāda
Genitive أَضْدَادٍ‎
ʔaḍdādin		 الْأَضْدَادِ‎
al-ʔaḍdādi		 أَضْدَادِ‎
ʔaḍdādi

Pronunciation 2
  • IPA(key): /dˤid.da/
  • Audio(file)

Preposition

ضِدَّ • (ḍidda)

  1. against
Inflection
    Inflected forms
Base form ضِدَّ (ḍidda)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms		 Singular Dual Plural
Masculine Feminine Common Masculine Feminine
First person ضِدِّي‎ (ḍiddī) ضِدَّنَا‎ (ḍiddanā)
Second person ضِدَّكَ‎ (ḍiddaka) ضِدَّكِ‎ (ḍiddaki) ضِدَّكُمَا‎ (ḍiddakumā) ضِدَّكُمْ‎ (ḍiddakum) ضِدَّكُنَّ‎ (ḍiddakunna)
Third person ضِدَّهُ‎ (ḍiddahu) ضِدَّهَا‎ (ḍiddahā) ضِدَّهُمَا‎ (ḍiddahumā) ضِدَّهُمْ‎ (ḍiddahum) ضِدَّهُنَّ‎ (ḍiddahunna)

Moroccan Arabic

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dˤadd/

Etymology 1

From Arabic ضِدّ‎ (ḍidd).

Noun

ضد • (ḍadd) m (plural ضدود‎ (ḍdūd) or ضدودة‎ (ḍdūda))

  1. opposite, contrast
  2. antonym

Etymology 2

From Arabic ضِدَّ‎ (ḍidda).

Preposition

ضد • (ḍadd)

  1. against
Inflection
Inflected forms of ضد
Base form ضد (ḍadd)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms		 singular plural
m f
1st person ضدي‎ (ḍaddi) ضدنا‎ (ḍaddna)
2nd person ضدك‎ (ḍaddak) ضدكي‎ (ḍaddki) ضدكم‎ (ḍaddkum)
3rd person ضده‎ (ḍaddu) ضدها‎ (ḍaddha) ضدهم‎ (ḍaddhum)

Persian

Etymology 1

From Arabic ضِدّ‎ (ḍidd).

Pronunciation
    • (Dari): IPA(key): /zɪd/

    Adjective
    Dari ضد
    Iranian Persian
    Tajik зид, зидд (zid, zidd)

    ضد • (zedd)

    1. opposite
    2. contrary
    3. adversarial

    Noun
    Dari ضد
    Iranian Persian
    Tajik зид, зидд (zid, zidd)

    ضد • (zedd)

    1. opposition
    2. adversary

    Etymology 2

    From ضد‎ (zedd) + ezafe.

    Pronunciation
      • (Dari): IPA(key): /ˈzɪddɪ/

      Preposition
      Dari ضد
      Iranian Persian
      Tajik зидди (ziddi)

      ضد • (zedd-e)

      1. against

      Prefix
      Dari ضدـ
      Iranian Persian
      Tajik зидди- (ziddi-)

      ضدـ • (zedd-e-)

      1. anti-, counter-
        ‎ضدـ + ‎آب‎ (âb) → ‎ضدآب‎ (zedd-e-âb, “waterproof”)
        ‎ضدـ + ‎انقلاب‎ (enqelâb) → ‎ضدانقلاب‎ (zedd-e-enqelâb, “counter-revolutionary, counterrevolutionary”)
        ‎ضدـ + ‎تانک‎ (tânk) → ‎ضدتانک‎ (zedd-e-tânk, “anti-tank, antitank”)
        ‎ضدـ + ‎تروریسم‎ (terorism) → ‎ضدتروریسم‎ (zedd-e-terorism, “anti-terrorism, antiterrorism”)
        ‎ضدـ + ‎یخ‎ (yax) → ‎ضدیخ‎ (zedd-e-yax, “anti-freeze, antifreeze”)
      Derived terms
      Persian terms prefixed with ضد

      South Levantine Arabic
      Root
      ض د د‎

      Etymology

      From Arabic ضِدّ‎ (ḍidd).

      Pronunciation
      • IPA(key): /dˤidd/, [dˤɪdˤ]
      • Audio (Ramallah)(file)

      Preposition

      ضدّ • (ḍidd)

      1. against

      Urdu

      Etymology

      Borrowed from Classical Persian ضِدّ‎ (zidd), itself from Arabic ضِدّ‎ (ḍidd). Cognate with Punjabi ضِدّ‎ (ẓidd).

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      ضِد • (ẓid) f (Hindi spelling ज़िद)

      1. stubbornness

      Declension
      Declension of ضد
      singular plural
      direct ضِدّ‎ (zidd) ضِدّیں‎ (ziddẽ)
      oblique ضِدّ‎ (zidd) ضِدّوں‎ (ziddõ)
      vocative ضِدّ‎ (zidd) ضِدّو‎ (ziddo)

      Derived terms

      References
      • “ضد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
      • “ضد”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
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