ظفر

Arabic

Root
ظ ف ر‎ (ẓ-f-r)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *θ̣upr-, *θ̣ipr- (“nail, claw”). Cognate with Akkadian 𒌢 (ṣuprum) and Biblical Hebrew צִפֹּרֶן‎ (ṣippórɛn).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ðˤufr/
    • (file)
  • IPA(key): /ðˤu.fur/

Noun

ظُفْر or ظُفُر • (ẓufr or ẓufur) m (plural أَظْفَار‎ (ʔaẓfār) or أَظَافِر‎ (ʔaẓāfir) or أَظْفُر‎ (ʔaẓfur) or أَظَافِير‎ (ʔaẓāfīr))

  1. fingernail
  2. claw
    Coordinate term: حَافِر‎ (ḥāfir, “hoof”)
Declension

Etymology 2

From the root ظ ف ر‎ (ẓ-f-r).

Pronunciation 1

  • IPA(key): /ðˤa.fi.ra/

Verb

ظَفِرَ • (ẓafira) I, non-past يَظْفَرُ‎‎ (yaẓfaru) [+ بِ‎ (object)] and [+ عَلَى‎ (object)]

  1. to triumph over, to win, to superate
  2. to win, to gain, to receive
Conjugation

Pronunciation 2

  • IPA(key): /ðˤaf.fa.ra/

Verb

ظَفَّرَ • (ẓaffara) II, non-past يُظَفِّرُ‎‎ (yuẓaffiru)

  1. to make victorious; to grant victory; to aid
    Synonym: نَصَرَ‎ (naṣara)
Conjugation

Pronunciation 3

  • IPA(key): /ðˤa.far/

Noun

ظَفَر • (ẓafar) m

  1. verbal noun of ظَفِرَ (ẓafira) (form I)
  2. obtainment, success, victory
  3. level ground
Declension
Descendants
  • → Azerbaijani: zəfər
  • → Ottoman Turkish: ظفر‎ (zafer)
  • → Persian: ظفر‎ (zafar)
  • → Uzbek: zafar

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1835), “ظفر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 87–88
  • Lane, Edward William (1863), “ظفر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1912
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “ظفر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 656
  • Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “ظفر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 800

Azerbaijani

Noun

ظفر (zəfər) (definite accusative ظفری‎, plural ظفرلر‎)

  1. Arabic spelling of zəfər (“triumph”)

Declension

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic ظُفْر‎ (ẓufr).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dˤifir/, [dˤe̞fe̞r]
    • IPA(key): /ðˤifir/ (alternative or rural pronunciation)

Noun

ظِفِر • (ḍifir) m (plural أظافر‎ (ʾaḍāfir) or أظافير‎ (ʾaḍāfīr))

  1. nail
  2. fingernail

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظَفَر‎ (ẓafar).

Noun

ظفر • (zafer)

  1. victory, triumph

Descendants

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظَفَر‎ (ẓafar).

Pronunciation

  • (Tajik) IPA(key): /zafaɾ/

Noun

Dari ظفر
Iranian Persian
Tajik зафар (zafar)

ظفر • (zafar)

  1. victory, triumph

Descendants

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian ظفر‎, from Arabic ظَفَر‎ (ẓafar).

Noun

ظَفَر • (z̤afar) m (Hindi spelling ज़फ़र)

  1. victory, triumph
  2. profit, gain
  3. success
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