كثير

See also: كبير‎ and كتير‎

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ك ث ر‎ (k-ṯ-r).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ka.θiːr/
  • Audio(file)
    • (Hejazi) IPA(key): /katiːr/, /kaθiːr/

Adjective

كَثِير • (kaṯīr), feminine كَثِيرَة‎ (kaṯīra) or كَثِير (kaṯīr), common plural كَثِير (kaṯīr), masculine plural كَثِيرُون‎ (kaṯīrūn), feminine plural كَثِيرَات‎ (kaṯīrāt), elative أَكْثَر‎ (ʔakṯar)

  1. many, much, numerous
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:1:
      ‏… وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَبَثَّ مِنْهُمَا رِجَالًا كَثِيرًا وَنِسَاءً …‎‎
      … waḵalaqa minhā zawjahā wabaṯṯa minhumā rijālan kaṯīran wanisāʔan …
      … and [God] created from it [i.e. the soul] its mate and dispersed from both of them many men and women …
    Antonym: قَلِيل‎ (qalīl)

Declension
Declension of adjective كَثِير (kaṯīr)
Singular Masculine Feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal كَثِير
kaṯīr		 الْكَثِير‎
al-kaṯīr		 كَثِيرَة‎
kaṯīra		 الْكَثِيرَة‎
al-kaṯīra
Nominative كَثِيرٌ
kaṯīrun		 الْكَثِيرُ‎
al-kaṯīru		 كَثِيرَةٌ‎
kaṯīratun		 الْكَثِيرَةُ‎
al-kaṯīratu
Accusative كَثِيرًا‎
kaṯīran		 الْكَثِيرَ‎
al-kaṯīra		 كَثِيرَةً‎
kaṯīratan		 الْكَثِيرَةَ‎
al-kaṯīrata
Genitive كَثِيرٍ
kaṯīrin		 الْكَثِيرِ‎
al-kaṯīri		 كَثِيرَةٍ‎
kaṯīratin		 الْكَثِيرَةِ‎
al-kaṯīrati
Dual Masculine Feminine
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal كَثِيرَيْن‎
kaṯīrayn		 الْكَثِيرَيْن‎
al-kaṯīrayn		 كَثِيرَتَيْن‎
kaṯīratayn		 الْكَثِيرَتَيْن‎
al-kaṯīratayn
Nominative كَثِيرَانِ‎
kaṯīrāni		 الْكَثِيرَانِ‎
al-kaṯīrāni		 كَثِيرَتَانِ‎
kaṯīratāni		 الْكَثِيرَتَانِ‎
al-kaṯīratāni
Accusative كَثِيرَيْنِ‎
kaṯīrayni		 الْكَثِيرَيْنِ‎
al-kaṯīrayni		 كَثِيرَتَيْنِ‎
kaṯīratayni		 الْكَثِيرَتَيْنِ‎
al-kaṯīratayni
Genitive كَثِيرَيْنِ‎
kaṯīrayni		 الْكَثِيرَيْنِ‎
al-kaṯīrayni		 كَثِيرَتَيْنِ‎
kaṯīratayni		 الْكَثِيرَتَيْنِ‎
al-kaṯīratayni
Plural Masculine Feminine
sound masculine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal كَثِيرِين‎‎; كِثَار‎
kaṯīrīn‎; kiṯār		 الْكَثِيرِين‎‎; الْكِثَار‎
al-kaṯīrīn‎; al-kiṯār		 كَثِيرَات‎
kaṯīrāt		 الْكَثِيرَات‎
al-kaṯīrāt
Nominative كَثِيرُونَ‎‎; كِثَارٌ‎
kaṯīrūna‎; kiṯārun		 الْكَثِيرُونَ‎‎; الْكِثَارُ‎
al-kaṯīrūna‎; al-kiṯāru		 كَثِيرَاتٌ‎
kaṯīrātun		 الْكَثِيرَاتُ‎
al-kaṯīrātu
Accusative كَثِيرِينَ‎‎; كِثَارًا‎
kaṯīrīna‎; kiṯāran		 الْكَثِيرِينَ‎‎; الْكِثَارَ‎
al-kaṯīrīna‎; al-kiṯāra		 كَثِيرَاتٍ‎
kaṯīrātin		 الْكَثِيرَاتِ‎
al-kaṯīrāti
Genitive كَثِيرِينَ‎‎; كِثَارٍ‎
kaṯīrīna‎; kiṯārin		 الْكَثِيرِينَ‎‎; الْكِثَارِ‎
al-kaṯīrīna‎; al-kiṯāri		 كَثِيرَاتٍ‎
kaṯīrātin		 الْكَثِيرَاتِ‎
al-kaṯīrāti

Noun

كَثِير • (kaṯīr) m

  1. many, much
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 5:32:
      ‏… ثُمَّ إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنْهُمْ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ فِي الْأَرْضِ لَمُسْرِفُونَ …‎‎
      … ṯumma ʔinna kaṯīran minhum baʕda ḏālika fī l-ʔarḍi lamusrifūna …
      … yet, even after that, many of them [Children of Israel] continued to commit excesses in the land …
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 41:22:
      ‏… وَلَٰكِنْ ظَنَنْتُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَعْلَمُ كَثِيرًا مِمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ …‎‎
      … walākin ẓanantum ʔanna l-laha lā yaʕlamu kaṯīran mimmā taʕmalūna …
      … however, you assumed that Allah did not know much of what you used to do …

See also

References
  • Wehr, Hans (1979), “كثر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
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