کلان

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Parthian 𐫐𐫓𐫀𐫗‎ (klʾn /kalān/, “great, big; pure”). Related to Tat kələ (“great, big”) and the Armenian toponym Կաղանկատոյք (Kałankatoykʿ, literally “big habitation”). The ultimate origin is uncertain.

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /kaˈlɑːn/

(Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /kaˈlɑːn/

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /kæˈlɒːn/

(Tajik) IPA^(key): /kaˈlɔn/

Adjective

Dari	کلان
Iranian Persian	بُزُرگ‎
Tajik	макро (makro)

کلان • (kalân) (comparative کلان‌تَر‎ (kalân-tar), superlative کلان‌تَرین‎ (kalân-tarin))

(chiefly Dari or uncommon) big, huge, massive
- ‏‎
  az xurd tâ kalân(Dari)
  the details, the exacts, everything
  (literally, “from small to big”)
- ‏‎
  az xord tâ kalân-eš ro behem tozih dâd.(Iranian Persian)
  they explained all the details to me

Derived terms

کلانتر‎ (kalântar)
کلان شدن‎ (kalân šodan)
پدر کلان‎ (padar-i kalân) (Dari)
مادر کلان‎ (mâdar-i kalân) (Dari)

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: kalan
→ Urdu: کلاں‎ (kalā̃)

References

Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004), “klʾn”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols, page 205b
Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 349
Oranskij, I. M. (1970), “K imeni baktrijskovo (?) voždja ΚΑΤΆΝΗΣ (IV v. do n. e.) [To the name of the Bactrian (?) chieftain ΚΑΤΆΝΗΣ (IV cent. B. C.)]”, in Palestinskij sbornik‎ (in Russian), volume 21 (84), pages 155–160
“کلاں”, in اردو لغت‎, 2006

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