ܟܝܢܐ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
| Root |
|---|
| ܟ ܘ ܢ (k w n) |
| 3 terms |
Noun
ܟܝܵܢܵܐ • (kyānā) m sg, plural ܟܝܵܢܹ̈ܐ (kyānē)
Inflection
Inflection of ܟܝܵܢܵܐ (kyānā)
| number | isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| state | form | person | singular | plural | |||
| m | f | ||||||
| singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܟܝܵܢܝܼ (kyānī) |
ܟܝܵܢܲܢ (kyānan) | ||
| construct | ܟܝܵܢ (kyān) |
2nd person | ܟܝܵܢܘܼܟ݂ (kyānuḵ) |
ܟܝܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ (kyānāḵ) |
ܟܝܵܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kyānāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܟܝܵܢܵܐ (kyānā) |
3rd person | ܟܝܵܢܹܗ (kyānēh) |
ܟܝܵܢܘܿܗ̇ (kyānoh) |
ܟܝܵܢܗܘܿܢ (kyānhon) | ||
| plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܟܝܵܢܝܼ̈ (kyānī) |
ܟܝܵܢܲܢ̈ (kyānan) | ||
| construct | ܟܝܵܢܲܝ̈ (kyānay) |
2nd person | ܟܝܵܢܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (kyānuḵ) |
ܟܝܵܢܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (kyānāḵ) |
ܟܝܵܢܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kyānāwḵon) | ||
| emphatic | ܟܝܵܢܹ̈ܐ (kyānē) |
3rd person | ܟܝܵܢܘܼ̈ܗܝ (kyānuh) |
ܟܝܵܢ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (kyānoh) |
ܟܝܵܢܗ̈ܘܿܢ (kyānhon) | ||
Derived terms
- ܒܲܪ ܟܝܵܢܵܐ (bar kyānā, “native, endemic, natural”)
- ܒܵܬܵܪ ܟܝܵܢܵܐ (bātār kyānā, “metaphysics”)
- ܟܝܵܢܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (kyānāʾīṯ, “naturally, of course”)
- ܟܝܵܢܵܝܵܐ (kyānāyā, “natural”)
- ܡܡܲܠܠܘܼܬ ܟܝܵܢܵܝܵܬܹ̈ܐ (mmallut kyānāyātē, “physics”)
- ܥܙܝܼܠܵܐ ܒܸܟ݂ܝܵܢܵܐ (ʿzīlā biḵyānā, “naturally, of course”)
- ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܝ ܟܝܵܢܹ̈ܐ (trayānāy kyānēʾ, “Dyophysite”)
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Persian چین (čin, “China”), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (cyn), from Sanskrit चीन (Cīna), itself derived from Old Chinese 秦 (*Zin, “Qin”).
Pronunciation
- (standard) IPA(key): [t͡ʃiːnɑː]
Usage notes
Although ܟ̰ܝܼܢܵܐ (čīnā) is the most common form in the spoken language, there is a push for ܨܝܼܢܵܐ (ṣīnā) to be used more often, especially in writing. Due to it being ambiguous with ܟܝܵܢܵܐ (kyānā, “nature”) in unvocalised writing.
Derived terms
- ܟ̰ܝܼܢܵܝܵܐ (čīnāyā, “Chinese”)
- ܟ̰ܝܼܢܵܐܝܼܬ (čīnāʾīt, “Chinese language”)
Classical Syriac
Pronunciation
- (Classical Edessan) IPA(key): [k(ə.)ˈjɑ.nɑ]
- (Eastern Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈkjɑ.nɑ]
- (Western Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈkjo.no]
Noun
ܟܝܢܐ • (kəyānā) m, plural ܟܝܢܐ (kəyānē)
- nature, instinct
- essence, substance, form
- (Christianity, theology) nature, physis
- procreation
- (euphemistic, anatomy) genitalia, sex organs, private parts
Inflection
inflection of ܟܝܢܐ
| state | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | ܟܝܢ | ܟܝܢܝܢ |
| construct | ܟܝܢ | ܟܝܢܝ |
| emphatic | ܟܝܢܐ | ܟܝܢܐ |
| possessive forms | ||
| 1st c. sg. (my) | ܟܝܢܝ | ܟܝܢܝ |
| 2nd m. sg. (your) | ܟܝܢܟ | ܟܝܢܝܟ |
| 2nd f. sg. (your) | ܟܝܢܟܝ | ܟܝܢܝܟܝ |
| 3rd m. sg. (his) | ܟܝܢܗ | ܟܝܢܘܗܝ |
| 3rd f. sg. (her) | ܟܝܢܗ | ܟܝܢܝܗ |
| 1st c. pl. (our) | ܟܝܢܢ | ܟܝܢܝܢ |
| 2nd m. pl. (your) | ܟܝܢܟܘܢ | ܟܝܢܝܟܘܢ |
| 2nd f. pl. (your) | ܟܝܢܟܝܢ | ܟܝܢܝܟܝܢ |
| 3rd m. pl. (their) | ܟܝܢܗܘܢ | ܟܝܢܝܗܘܢ |
| 3rd f. pl. (their) | ܟܝܢܗܝܢ | ܟܝܢܝܗܝܢ |
References
- “kyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-05-28
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 153a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 213a-b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 619b
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