उप-

See also: उप

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उप- (upa-).

Prefix

उप- • (up-)

subordinate
‎उप- (up-) + ‎ग्रह (grah, “planet”) → ‎उपग्रह (upagrah, “moon, satellite”)
lesser, vice-
‎उप- (up-) + ‎राष्ट्रपति (rāṣṭrapti, “president”) → ‎उपराष्ट्रपति (uprāṣṭrapti, “vice president”)

Derived terms

Hindi terms prefixed with उप-

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *upa-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upa-, from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, below”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /u.pɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈu.pɐ/

Prefix

उप- • (upa-)

towards
near, with
under, below
like, proximate
subordinate
brother to
son to

Usage notes

Definitions 4–7 used exclusively with nouns.

Occasionally used with an implied verb, or placed after the verb rather than prefixing it.

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms prefixed with उप-

Descendants

→ Hindi: उप- (up-)
→ Punjabi: ਉਪ- (upa-)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “उप-”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 0194, 0195.

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