ग्लानि

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ग्लानि (glāní).

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɡlɑː.niː/, [ɡl̪äː.n̪iː]

Noun

ग्लानि • (glāni) f (Urdu spelling گلانی‎)

languor, fatigue
depression
aversion, disgust
Synonym of आत्मग्लानि (ātmaglāni, “regret”)

Declension

Declension of ग्लानि (fem i-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	ग्लानि glāni	ग्लानियाँ glāniyā̃
oblique	ग्लानि glāni	ग्लानियों glāniyõ
vocative	ग्लानि glāni	ग्लानियो glāniyo

Related terms

आत्मग्लानि (ātmaglāni)

Further reading

Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “ग्लानि”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
Platts, John T. (1884), “ग्लानि”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “ग्लानि”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
“گلانی”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

ᬕ᭄ᬮᬵᬦᬶ (Balinese script)
গ্লানি (Assamese script)
গ্লানি (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰿𑰩𑰯𑰡𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀦𑀺 (Brahmi script)
𑌗𑍍𑌲𑌾𑌨𑌿 (Grantha script)
ગ્લાનિ (Gujarati script)
ਗੑਲਾਨਿ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦒ꧀ꦭꦴꦤꦶ (Javanese script)
គ្លានិ (Khmer script)
ಗ್ಲಾನಿ (Kannada script)
ຄ຺ລານິ (Lao script)
ഗ്ലാനി (Malayalam script)
𑘐𑘿𑘩𑘰𑘡𑘱 (Modi script)
ᠺᠯᠠᢗᠨᢈ (Mongolian script)
ᡤᠯᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᡳ (Manchu script)
ဂ္လါနိ (Burmese script)
𑦰𑧠𑧉𑧑𑧁𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑑂𑐮𑐵𑐣𑐶 (Newa script)
ଗ୍ଲାନି (Oriya script)
ꢔ꣄ꢭꢵꢥꢶ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑇀𑆬𑆳𑆤𑆴 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖿𑖩𑖯𑖡𑖰 (Siddham script)
ග්ලානි (Sinhalese script)
గ్లాని (Telugu script)
คฺลานิ (Thai script)
གླཱ་ནི (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑓂𑒪𑒰𑒢𑒱 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From the root ग्लै (glai, “to be weary, to be reluctant, to feel averse”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to suffer”). Cognate with Lithuanian gėlà (“pain”), Proto-Germanic *kwelaną (“to suffer”), Old Irish at-baill (“to die”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡlɑː.ní/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡl̪ɑː.n̪i/

Noun

ग्लानि • (glāní) f

exhaustion, fatigue, sickness
decrease, decline
- c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter IV.7:
  यदा यदा हि धर्मस्य ग्लानिर्भवति भारत।
  अभ्युत्थानमधर्मस्य तदात्मानं सृजाम्यहम् ॥
  yadā yadā hi dharmasya glānirbhavati bhārata.
  abhyutthānamadharmasya tadātmānaṃ sṛjāmyaham .
  [And the Lord said:] "Whenever and wherever there is a decline in Dharma and a predominant rise of immoral and unethical behaviour, O Bhārata, at that time I manifest myself."
debility

Declension

Feminine i-stem declension of ग्लानि (glāní)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ग्लानिः glāníḥ	ग्लानी glānī́	ग्लानयः glānáyaḥ
Vocative	ग्लाने glā́ne	ग्लानी glā́nī	ग्लानयः glā́nayaḥ
Accusative	ग्लानिम् glāním	ग्लानी glānī́	ग्लानीः glānī́ḥ
Instrumental	ग्लान्या glānyā̀	ग्लानिभ्याम् glāníbhyām	ग्लानिभिः glāníbhiḥ
Dative	ग्लानये / ग्लान्ये¹ / ग्लान्यै² glānáye / glānyè¹ / glānyaì²	ग्लानिभ्याम् glāníbhyām	ग्लानिभ्यः glāníbhyaḥ
Ablative	ग्लानेः / ग्लान्याः² glānéḥ / glānyā̀ḥ²	ग्लानिभ्याम् glāníbhyām	ग्लानिभ्यः glāníbhyaḥ
Genitive	ग्लानेः / ग्लान्याः² glānéḥ / glānyā̀ḥ²	ग्लान्योः glānyóḥ	ग्लानीनाम् glānīnā́m
Locative	ग्लानौ / ग्लान्याम्² glānaú / glānyā̀m²	ग्लान्योः glānyóḥ	ग्लानिषु glāníṣu
Notes	¹Less common ²Later Sanskrit

Derived terms

आत्मग्लानि (ātmaglāni) (New Sanskrit)

Descendants

Prakrit: 𑀕𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀦𑀺 (gilāni)
→ Assamese: গ্লানি (glani)
→ Bengali: গ্লানি (glani)
→ Gujarati: ગ્લાનિ (glāni)
→ Hindustani: glāni
Hindi: ग्लानि

Urdu: گلانی‎
→ Kannada: ಗ್ಲಾನಿ (glāni)
→ Malayalam: ഗ്ലാനി (glāni)
→ Marathi: ग्लानी (glānī)
→ Oriya: ଗ୍ଲାନି (glani)
→ Telugu: గ్లాని (glāni)

Further reading

Monier Williams (1899), “ग्लानि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 374.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “glāní”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 828
Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “ग्लानि”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 682
Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2023), “glāni”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.

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