प्रेम
Hindi
Etymology
Semi-learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्रेमन् (preman). First attested as Old Hindi प्रेम (prema). Cognate to Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑁂𑀫 (pema).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /pɾeːm/, [pɾẽːm]
Noun
प्रेम • (prem) m (Urdu spelling پَریم)
Declension
Declension of प्रेम (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | प्रेम prem |
प्रेम prem |
| oblique | प्रेम prem |
प्रेमों premõ |
| vocative | प्रेम prem |
प्रेमो premo |
Declension
Declension of प्रेम (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | प्रेम prem |
प्रेम prem |
| oblique | प्रेम prem |
प्रेमों premõ |
| vocative | प्रेम prem |
प्रेमो premo |
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “प्रेम”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884), “प्रेम”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Konkani
Noun
प्रेम • (prem) (Latin script prem, Kannada script ಪ್ರೇಮ)
Marathi
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɾem/
Declension
| Declension of प्रेम (prem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
प्रेम prem | ||
| direct plural |
प्रेमे, प्रेमं preme, prema | ||
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | प्रेम prem |
प्रेमे, प्रेमं preme, prema | |
| oblique | प्रेमा- premā- |
प्रेमां- premāN- | |
| dative | प्रेमाला premālā |
प्रेमांना premāNnā | |
| ergative | प्रेमाने premāne |
प्रेमांनी premāNni | |
| instrumental | प्रेमाशी premāśi |
प्रेमांशी premāNśi | |
| locative | प्रेमात premāt |
प्रेमांत premāNt | |
| vocative | प्रेमा premā |
प्रेमांनो premāNno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of प्रेम | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object | feminine object | neuter object | oblique | |||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular* | plural | |||
| singular subject | प्रेमाचा premāċā |
प्रेमाचे premāce |
प्रेमाची premāci |
प्रेमाच्या premāca |
प्रेमाचे, प्रेमाचं premāce, premāċa |
प्रेमाची premāci |
प्रेमाच्या premāca | |
| plural subject | प्रेमांचा premāNċā |
प्रेमांचे premāNce |
प्रेमांची premāNci |
प्रेमांच्या premāNca |
प्रेमांचे, प्रेमांचं premāNce, premāNċa |
प्रेमांची premāNci |
प्रेमांच्या premāNca | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
References
- Berntsen, Maxine, “प्रेम”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “प्रेम”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911), “प्रेम”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
Nepali
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [prem]
- Phonetic Devanagari: प्रेम्
References
- “प्रेम”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (Nepālī Br̥hat Śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
- Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993), “प्रेम”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar
Old Hindi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit प्रेमन् (preman). Compare Old Punjabi ਪ੍ਰੇਮੁ (premu), Old Marathi 𑘢𑘿𑘨𑘹𑘦 (prema).
Further reading
- Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC, page 548
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