रुज्

From Proto-Indo-European *lewǵ- (“to break off, shatter”). Cognate with Ancient Greek λῠγρός (lugrós, “mournful”), Latin lugeō whence English lugubrious; Old English lūcan (“to pluck out, pull up”), whence English louk.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾud͡ʑ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɾud͡ʑ/

रुज् • (ruj)

1. to break, break open, dash to pieces
2. to shatter, destroy
3. to cause pain, afflict, injure

• Monier Williams (1899), “रुज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0882.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “रुज्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 142
• Otto Böhtlingk; Richard Schmidt (1879-1928), “रुज्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016

• Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 371
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs]‎ (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 415
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0686