ხოლო

Georgian

Etymology

Compare მხოლოდ (mxolod, “only”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /xolo/

Particle

ხოლო • (xolo)

  1. (literary) however, whereas (contrasts whatever follows with something mentioned earlier)

Usage notes
  • Preceded by a comma.

Laz

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxɔlɔ/
  • Hyphenation: ხო‧ლო

Etymology 1

From earlier *ოხოლო (*oxolo), from Proto-Georgian-Zan *axl-a(d) (“now, recently”).

Adverb

ხოლო • (xolo) (Latin spelling xolo)

  1. again
    ნანაქ მოთამუში ნოღაშა ოშქუმერტაშა მუ ეჭოფასენ ხოლო არ ჶარა გოშინამს
    nanak motamuşi noğaşa oşkumerťaşa mu eç̌opasen xolo ar fara goşinams
    My mother reminds her/him once again what to buy when she sends her grandson to the market.

Etymology 2

From earlier *ოხოლო (*oxolo), from Proto-Georgian-Zan *axlo- (“near”).

Adjective

ხოლო • (xolo) (Latin spelling xolo) (Arkabi)

  1. (rare) near, close
    Synonym: მეგზა (megza)
    თქვანი ოხორი დიდო მენდრა დოსქიდუნ. მექთები მციქა ჩქვა ხოლო რენ.
    tkvani oxori dido mendra doskidun. mektebi mʒika çkva xolo ren.
    Your house is far away. The school is a little closer.

Further reading
  • Kiria, Č̣abuḳi; Ezugbaia, Lali; Memišiši, Omar; Čuxua, Merab (2015) Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 890
  • Kojima, Gôichi (2012–), “xolo”, in Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı (in Turkish)
  • Tandilava, Ali (2013), “ხოლო”, in Merab Čuxua, Natela Kutelia, Lile Tandilava, Lali Ezugbaia, editors, Lazuri leksiḳoni [Laz Dictionary], online version prepared by Levan Vašaḳiʒe, Tbilisi
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