Ἶρις

See also: ίρις and ἶρις

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Presuming an earlier form *ϝῖρις (*wîris), then from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁i-ro- (“a twist, thread, cord, wire”), from *weh₁i- (“to turn, twist, weave, plait”). Cognates include English wire, Swedish vira (“to twist”), Latin vieō (“weave together”), Welsh gŵyr (“bent”).

Pronunciation
 

Proper noun

Ἶρῐς • (Îris) f (genitive Ῑ̓́ρῐδος); third declension

  1. Iris

Inflection
Third declension of ἡ Ἶρῐς; τῆς Ῑ̓́ρῐδος (Attic)
Case / # Singular
Nominative ἡ Ἶρῐς
hē Îris
Genitive τῆς Ῑ̓́ρῐδος
tês Ī́ridos
Dative τῇ Ῑ̓́ρῐδῐ
têi Ī́ridi
Accusative τὴν Ἶρῐν
tḕn Îrin
Vocative Ἶρῐ
Îri
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Descendants
  • Greek: Ίρις (Íris); Ίριδα (Írida)
  • Latin: Īris
  • Spanish: arco iris

Further reading
  • “Ἶρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “Ἶρις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,014
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