ὁδός

See also: οδός

Ancient Greek

Beekes states that the etymology is not known. Or: From Proto-Indo-European *sodós, from *sed- (“to sit”). Cognates include Old Church Slavonic ходъ (xodŭ) and Sanskrit साद (sāda, “a sitting, riding, motion”). For the semantic development compare English set out from this root and road from Proto-Germanic *raidō (“ride, journey”), from Proto-Germanic *rīdaną (“to ride”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

ὁδός • (hodós) f (genitive ὁδοῦ); second declension

Second declension of ἡ ὁδός; τῆς ὁδοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ὁδός hē hodós	τὼ ὁδώ tṑ hodṓ	αἱ ὁδοί hai hodoí
Genitive	τῆς ὁδοῦ tês hodoû	τοῖν ὁδοῖν toîn hodoîn	τῶν ὁδῶν tôn hodôn
Dative	τῇ ὁδῷ têi hodôi	τοῖν ὁδοῖν toîn hodoîn	ταῖς ὁδοῖς taîs hodoîs
Accusative	τὴν ὁδόν tḕn hodón	τὼ ὁδώ tṑ hodṓ	τᾱ̀ς ὁδούς tā̀s hodoús
Vocative	ὁδέ hodé	ὁδώ hodṓ	ὁδοί hodoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὁδός; ὁδοῦ (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁδός hodós	ὁδώ hodṓ	ὁδοί hodoí
Genitive	ὁδοῦ / ὁδοῖο / ὁδόο hodoû / hodoîo / hodóo	ὁδοῖῐν hodoîin	ὁδῶν hodôn
Dative	ὁδῷ hodôi	ὁδοῖῐν hodoîin	ὁδοῖσῐ / ὁδοῖσῐν / ὁδοῖς hodoîsi(n) / hodoîs
Accusative	ὁδόν hodón	ὁδώ hodṓ	ὁδούς hodoús
Vocative	ὁδέ hodé	ὁδώ hodṓ	ὁδοί hodoí
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.