侵害

Chinese
to invade; to infringe; to approach
 
to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm
to do harm to; to cause trouble to; harm; evil; calamity
trad. (侵害) 侵 害
simp. #(侵害) 侵 害

Pronunciation

Verb

侵害

  1. to infringe on; to encroach on; to violate
  2. (of a bacterium, pest, etc.) to invade; to attack

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (侵害):

Japanese
Kanji in this term
侵 害
しん
Grade: S		 がい
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation
    • (Tokyo) しんがい [shìńgáí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
    • IPA(key): [ɕĩŋɡa̠i]

    Noun

    侵(しん)害(がい) • (shingai) 

    1. violation, infringement, breach
      Ａ社(Ａ しゃ)は人権(じんけん)侵害(しんがい)で告訴(こくそ)された。
      A sha wa jinken shingai de kokuso sareta.
      Company A was sued for human rights violations.

    Verb

    侵(しん)害(がい)する • (shingai suru) suru (stem 侵(しん)害(がい)し (shingai shi), past 侵(しん)害(がい)した (shingai shita))

    1. to infringe, to breach

    Conjugation
    Conjugation of "侵害する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
    Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
    Mizenkei ("imperfective") 侵害し しんがいし shingai shi
    Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 侵害し しんがいし shingai shi
    Shūshikei ("terminal") 侵害する しんがいする shingai suru
    Rentaikei ("attributive") 侵害する しんがいする shingai suru
    Kateikei ("hypothetical") 侵害すれ しんがいすれ shingai sure
    Meireikei ("imperative") 侵害せよ¹
    侵害しろ²    		 しんがいせよ¹
    しんがいしろ²    		 shingai seyo¹
    shingai shiro²
    Key constructions
    Passive 侵害される しんがいされる shingai sareru
    Causative 侵害させる
    侵害さす    		 しんがいさせる
    しんがいさす    		 shingai saseru
    shingai sasu
    Potential 侵害できる しんがいできる shingai dekiru
    Volitional 侵害しよう しんがいしよう shingai shiyō
    Negative 侵害しない しんがいしない shingai shinai
    Negative continuative 侵害せず しんがいせず shingai sezu
    Formal 侵害します しんがいします shingai shimasu
    Perfective 侵害した しんがいした shingai shita
    Conjunctive 侵害して しんがいして shingai shite
    Hypothetical conditional 侵害すれば しんがいすれば shingai sureba
    ¹ Written imperative

    ² Spoken imperative

    References
    1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    1. 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

    Korean
    Hanja in this term
    侵害

    Noun

    侵害 • (chimhae) (hangeul 침해)

    1. Hanja form? of 침해 (“violation, infringement”).

    Vietnamese
    Hán tự in this term
    侵害

    Verb

    侵害

    1. chữ Hán form of xâm hại (“to encroach upon and damage”).
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