冽

See also: 洌

冽	U+51BD, 冽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51BD

← 冼
[U+51BC]

CJK Unified Ideographs

冾 →
[U+51BE]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

冽 (Kangxi radical 15, 冫+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 戈一一弓弓 (IMMNN), four-corner 3210₀, composition ⿰冫列)

References

KangXi: page 132, character 15
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1637
Dae Jaweon: page 296, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 297, character 2
Unihan data for U+51BD

Chinese

trad.		冽
simp. ^#		冽
alternative forms		洌

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (列) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
例	*reds
鮤	reds, red
栵	reds, red
洌	reds, red
銐	r'eds, r̥ʰjeds
峛	*relʔ
列	*red
裂	*red
烈	*red
冽	*red
迾	*red
蛚	*red
茢	*red
颲	*red
鴷	*red
挒	*red
姴	*red

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *red) : semantic 冫 (“ice”) + phonetic 列 (OC *red).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): liè (lie⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lit⁶
Min Nan (POJ): lia̍t

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liè
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: liè
  - Wade–Giles: lieh⁴
  - Yale: lyè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lieh
  - Palladius: ле (le)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ljɛ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lit⁶
  - Yale: liht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lit⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: lid⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liːt̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lia̍t
  - Tâi-lô: lia̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liat
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɛt̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɛt̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛt̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɛt̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛt̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: /liᴇt̚/

Rime
Character	冽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	仙 (81)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	良辥切
Baxter	ljiet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/liɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ljæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liat̚/
Li Rong	/liɛt̚/
Wang Li	/lĭɛt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯ɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lit⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.r[a]t/

(Zhengzhang): /*red/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	冽
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liè
Middle Chinese	‹ ljet ›
Old Chinese	/*C.r[a]t/
English	cold, raw
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	冽
Reading #	1/1
No.	8131
Phonetic component	列
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*red/

Definitions

冽

cold; frigid; freezing
Alternative form of 洌 (liè, “pure; clear”).

Compounds

冷冽
冽冽
冽泉 (lièquán)
冽霜

泠冽
清冽
甘冽

凜冽／凛冽 (lǐnliè)
凜凜冽冽／凛凛冽冽
慄冽／栗冽

Japanese

Kanji

冽

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): れつ (retsu); れい (rei)
Kun: さむい (samui); つめたい (tsumetai)

Proper noun

冽(ただし) • (Tadashi)

a male given name

Korean

Hanja

冽 (eum 렬 (ryeol))

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Vietnamese

Han character

冽: Hán Nôm readings: liệt

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