| Yao | Shun | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (堯舜) | 堯 | 舜 | |
| simp. (尧舜) | 尧 | 舜 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 堯 | 舜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) | 書 (26) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) | 諄 (47) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
| Division (等) | IV | III |
| Fanqie | 五聊切 | 舒閏切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋeu/ | /ɕiuɪnH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋeu/ | /ɕʷinH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋeu/ | /ɕjuenH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋɛw/ | /ɕwinH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋeu/ | /ɕiuĕnH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋieu/ | /ɕĭuĕnH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋieu/ | /ɕi̯uĕnH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yáo | shùn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
jiu4 | seon3 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 堯 | 舜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yáo | shùn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ngew › | ‹ sywinH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ŋ]ˁew/ | /*[s.t]u[n]-s/ |
| English | high | Hibiscus |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 堯 | 舜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 14689 | 1643 |
| Phonetic component |
垚 | 舛 |
| Rime group |
宵 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
堯 | 舜 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋeːw/ | /*hljuns/ |
|