奈落

Japanese
Kanji in this term
奈 落
な
Grade: 4		 らく
Grade: 3
goon on’yomi
Alternative spellings
那落 (rare)
捺落 (rare)

Etymology

From Sanskrit नरक (naraka).[1][2][3][4][5]

First cited to a text from 985 CE.[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ならく [nàrákú] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [na̠ɾa̠kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

奈(な)落(らく) • (naraku) 

  1. [from circa 1060] (Buddhism) hell
    Synonyms: 地獄 (jigoku, “hell; underworld”), 魔界 (makai, “hell”), 黄泉 (yomi, “underworld”)
  2. [from 985] falling into hell
  3. [from 1694] the absolute bottom, the last straw, the worst that something can become
  4. [from 1800] (theater) a theater basement, a trap cellar (under the stage)
  5. [from ???] (video games, platform games) bottomless pit; an invisible place below the playable area that usually kills the game characters falling into it

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. “奈落”, in ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典 (Buritanika Kokusai Dai Hyakka Jiten: Shō Kōmoku Jiten, “Encyclopædia Britannica International: Micropædia”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Britannica Japan Co., Ltd., 2014
  5. “奈落”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
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