恐怖

Chinese

		afraid; frightened; to fear	terror; terrified; afraid terror; terrified; afraid; frightened
trad. (恐怖)		恐	怖
simp. ^#(恐怖)		恐	怖

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kǒngbù

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung² bou³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiúng-pu
Min Dong (BUC): kṳ̄ng-buó
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khióng-pò͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): kiong² bu³
Wu (Wiktionary): ²khon-pu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kǒngbù
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kǒngbù
  - Wade–Giles: kʻung³-pu⁴
  - Yale: kǔng-bù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koongbuh
  - Palladius: кунбу (kunbu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ pu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung² bou³
  - Yale: húng bou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung² bou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung² bou³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ³⁵ pou̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiúng-pu
  - Hakka Romanization System: kiung` bu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kiung³ bu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯uŋ³¹ pu⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kṳ̄ng-buó
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰyŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(p-)muɔ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-pò͘
  - Tâi-lô: khióng-pòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngpox
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pɔ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pɔ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pɔ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kiong² bu³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khióng pù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ pu²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ²khon-pu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ³³ pv̩ʷ⁴⁴/

Adjective

恐怖

terrifying; dreadful; horrific; frightening

Synonyms

可怕 (kěpà)
怕人 (pàrén)
嚇人／吓人 (xiàrén)
(literary) 可怖 (kěbù)
(Min Nan) 驚人／惊人 (jīngrén)
(Xiang) 吸人

Noun

恐怖

terror; dread; horror
horror (film genre)
terrorism
恐怖行為／恐怖行为 ― kǒngbù xíngwéi ― act of terrorism

Derived terms

恐怖分子 (kǒngbùfènzǐ)
恐怖片 (kǒngbùpiàn)
恐怖症 (kǒngbùzhèng)
恐怖谷 (kǒngbùgǔ)
暴恐 (bàokǒng)
白色恐怖 (báisè kǒngbù)

恐怖主義／恐怖主义 (kǒngbùzhǔyì)
恐怖片兒／恐怖片儿 (kǒngbùpiānr)
恐怖組織／恐怖组织 (kǒngbù zǔzhī)
恐怖襲擊／恐怖袭击 (kǒngbù xíjī)
恐怖電影／恐怖电影 (kǒngbù diànyǐng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (恐怖):

→ Japanese: 恐怖(きょうふ) (kyōfu)
→ Korean: 공포(恐怖) (gongpo)
→ Vietnamese: khủng bố (恐怖)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
恐	怖
きょう Grade: S	ふ Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きょーふ [kyóꜜòfù] (Atamadaka – [1])
(Tokyo) きょーふ [kyòófú] (Heiban – [0])
IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ːɸɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

恐(きょう)怖(ふ) • (kyōfu)

fear; horror; dread
- 2015, バットマンアーカム・ナイト [Batman: Arkham Knight], Rocksteady Studios, Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, spoken by Scarecrow (Kosuke Takaguchi):
  
  恐(きょう)怖(ふ)のない人(じん)生(せい)など　無(む)意(い)味(み)だ
  Kyōfu no nai jinsei nado muimi da
  Without fear, life is meaningless
- 2008, BLAZBLUE(ブレイブルー) CALAMITY TRIGGER [BlazBlue: Calamity Trigger], Arc System Works, spoken by Ragna the Bloodedge (Tomokazu Sugita):
  
  見(み)せてやるよ…蒼(あお)の力(ちから)を！恐(きょう)怖(ふ)を教(おし)えてやる。地(じ)獄(ごく)はねぇよ、あるのは無(む)だけだ。これが、闇(やみ)の力(ちから)だ。
  Misete yaru yo… Ao no chikara o! Kyōfu o oshiete yaru. Jigoku wa nē yo, aru no wa mu dake da. Kore ga, yami no chikara da.
  I’ll show you… the power of the Azure! I’ll show you fear. There is no hell, only nothingness. This, is the power of darkness.

Derived terms

恐(きょう)怖(ふ)症(しょう) (kyōfushō)

Verb

恐(きょう)怖(ふ)する • (kyōfu suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 恐(きょう)怖(ふ)し (kyōfu shi), past 恐(きょう)怖(ふ)した (kyōfu shita))

to dread; to fear

Conjugation

Conjugation of "恐怖する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	恐怖し	きょうふし	kyōfu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	恐怖し	きょうふし	kyōfu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	恐怖する	きょうふする	kyōfu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	恐怖する	きょうふする	kyōfu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	恐怖すれ	きょうふすれ	kyōfu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	恐怖せよ¹ 恐怖しろ²	きょうふせよ¹ きょうふしろ²	kyōfu seyo¹ kyōfu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	恐怖される	きょうふされる	kyōfu sareru
Causative	恐怖させる恐怖さす	きょうふさせるきょうふさす	kyōfu saseru kyōfu sasu
Potential	恐怖できる	きょうふできる	kyōfu dekiru
Volitional	恐怖しよう	きょうふしよう	kyōfu shiyō
Negative	恐怖しない	きょうふしない	kyōfu shinai
Negative continuative	恐怖せず	きょうふせず	kyōfu sezu
Formal	恐怖します	きょうふします	kyōfu shimasu
Perfective	恐怖した	きょうふした	kyōfu shita
Conjunctive	恐怖して	きょうふして	kyōfu shite
Hypothetical conditional	恐怖すれば	きょうふすれば	kyōfu sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
恐	怖

Noun

恐怖 • (gongpo) (hangeul 공포)

Hanja form^? of 공포 (“horror”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
恐	怖

Verb

恐怖

chữ Hán form of khủng bố (“to terrorize”).

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恐怖

Chinese

Pronunciation

Adjective

Synonyms

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Verb

Conjugation

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Verb