揖讓

Chinese

		greet (by raising the joined hands)	to ask; to let; permit to ask; to let; permit; have (someone do something); to yield; to allow
trad. (揖讓)		揖	讓
simp. (揖让)		揖	让

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yīràng

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄖㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jap¹ joeng⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yīràng
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄖㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yiràng
  - Wade–Giles: i¹-jang⁴
  - Yale: yī-ràng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iranq
  - Palladius: ижан (ižan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵⁵ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jap¹ joeng⁶
  - Yale: yāp yeuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jap⁷ joeng⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeb¹ yêng⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐp̚⁵ jœːŋ²²/

Middle Chinese: /ʔiɪp̚ ȵɨɐŋ^H/

Rime
Character	揖	讓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	侵 (141)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	伊入切	人樣切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiɪp̚/	/ȵɨɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔip̚/	/ȵiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔjep̚/	/ȵʑiɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔip̚/	/ȵɨaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ʔiəp̚/	/ȵiaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ĭĕp̚/	/ȵʑĭaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯əp̚/	/ȵʑi̯aŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yi	ràng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jap¹	joeng⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qip naŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*qib njaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	揖	讓
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yī	ràng
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjip ›	‹ nyang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*qip/	/*naŋ-s/
English	bow (v.), salute	yield
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	揖	讓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10170	13649
Phonetic component	咠	襄
Rime group	緝	陽
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	揖	讓
Old Chinese	/*qib/	/*njaŋs/

Verb

揖讓

to salute and give way (according to the proper courtesy of meeting each other)
(figurative) to display courtesy; to fulfil what is demanded by propriety

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