| barbarian; recklessly; surname | take captive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (胡虜) | 胡 | 虜 | |
| simp. (胡虏) | 胡 | 虏 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 胡 | 虜 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 模 (23) | 模 (23) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 戸吳切 | 郎古切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦuo/ | /luoX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦuo/ | /luoX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣo/ | /loX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦɔ/ | /lɔX/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣo/ | /loX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣu/ | /luX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɣuo/ | /luoX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
hú | lǔ |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
wu4 | lou5 |