邪魔

Chinese
demonical; iniquitous; nefarious devil
trad. (邪魔) 邪 魔
simp. #(邪魔) 邪 魔

Pronunciation

Noun

邪魔

  1. evil spirit; demon; devil

Synonyms
Synonyms of 邪魔

Derived terms
  • 邪魔外道

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (邪魔):
  • → Japanese: 邪(じゃ)魔(ま) (jama)
  • → Korean: 사마(邪魔) (sama)
  • → Vietnamese: tà ma (邪魔)

Japanese
Kanji in this term
邪 魔
じゃ
Grade: S		 ま
Grade: S
on’yomi

Alternative forms
  • Including the honorific prefix お (o-): お邪魔(じゃま) (ojama), 御邪魔(おじゃま) (ojama)

Etymology

Originally a Buddhist term, imported into Japanese when Buddhism was introduced to Japan, some time during the Kofun, Asuka, and Nara periods.

From Middle Chinese 邪魔 (*zia *mɑ?, literally “wrong, evil, perverse” + “devil, demon”). Compare modern Mandarin 邪魔 (xiémó).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) じゃま [jàmá] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [d͡ʑa̠ma̠]

Noun

邪(じゃ)魔(ま) • (jama) 

  1. (Buddhism) a demon or devil of perversity, a hindrance to the practice of Buddhism
  2. (more generally) an obstacle, a hindrance, interference
    箱(はこ)をここに放(ほう)るのは邪魔(じゃま)だよ。
    Hako o koko ni hōru no wa jama da yo.
    Those boxes you threw down here are in the way.
  3. a nuisance, a bother
    電話(でんわ)の邪魔(じゃま)をしないでください。
    Denwa no jama o shinaide kudasai.
    Please don't be a nuisance when I'm on the phone. → Please don't interrupt my phone calls.
  4. (figurative, idiomatic, humble) a visit
    Usually prefixed with the honorific お (o-). Said of oneself visiting someone else, never said of others.
    来週(らいしゅう)お邪魔(じゃま)にあがってもよろしいでしょうか。
    Raishū ojama ni agatte mo yoroshii deshō ka.
    Would it be all right to visit you next week?

Synonyms
Synonyms

(obstacle):

(hindrance):

(a bother, a trouble):

(visit):

Verb

邪(じゃ)魔(ま)する • (jama suru) suru (stem 邪(じゃ)魔(ま)し (jama shi), past 邪(じゃ)魔(ま)した (jama shita))

  1. to impede, to obstruct
    そのパイプが通過(つうか)を邪魔(じゃま)しています。
    Sono paipu ga tsūka o jama shite imasu.
    That pipe is impeding passage.
  2. to be a bother, obstacle, nuisance, hindrance
    宿題(しゅくだい)しているから邪魔(じゃま)しないでくれ。
    Shukudai shite iru kara jama shinaide kure.
    I'm doing my homework, so don't bother me.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "邪魔する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 邪魔し じゃまし jama shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 邪魔し じゃまし jama shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 邪魔する じゃまする jama suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 邪魔する じゃまする jama suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 邪魔すれ じゃますれ jama sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 邪魔せよ¹
邪魔しろ²		 じゃませよ¹
じゃましろ²		 jama seyo¹
jama shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 邪魔される じゃまされる jama sareru
Causative 邪魔させる
邪魔さす		 じゃまさせる
じゃまさす		 jama saseru
jama sasu
Potential 邪魔できる じゃまできる jama dekiru
Volitional 邪魔しよう じゃましよう jama shiyō
Negative 邪魔しない じゃましない jama shinai
Negative continuative 邪魔せず じゃませず jama sezu
Formal 邪魔します じゃまします jama shimasu
Perfective 邪魔した じゃました jama shita
Conjunctive 邪魔して じゃまして jama shite
Hypothetical conditional 邪魔すれば じゃますれば jama sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Idioms

Synonyms

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Vietnamese
Hanja in this term
邪魔

Noun

邪魔

  1. chữ Hán form of tà ma (“bad ghost”).
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