長刀

See also: 长刀

Chinese
 
long; length; forever
long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop
 knife
trad. (長刀) 長 刀
simp. (长刀) 长 刀

Pronunciation

Noun

長刀

  1. long knife; cane knife, bistoury, etc.

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
長 刀
なぎなた
Grade: 2 Grade: 2
jukujikun

The spelling means “long blade”.

For pronunciation and definitions of 長刀 – see the following entry.
【薙刀なぎなた】
[noun] (weaponry) naginata: a traditional Japanese glaive (polearm historically used to cut down infantry and cavalry)
Alternative spellings
長刀, 眉尖刀
(This term, 長刀, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
長 刀
なが
Grade: 2		 かたな > がたな
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Kanji in this term
長 刀
なが
Grade: 2		 かたな
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Compound of 長 (naga, “long”, the stem of adjective 長い (nagai, “long”)) +‎ 刀 (katana, “katana, the traditional single-bladed Japanese sword”).[1][2][3]

Encountered with both the unvoiced nagakatana and voiced nagagatana readings.[1][2][3] The voiced reading may be more common,[3] wherein the katana changes to gatana as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ながが​たな [nàgágáꜜtànà] (Nakadaka – [3])[3]
  • IPA(key): [na̠ɡa̠ɡa̠ta̠na̠]
  • (Tokyo) ながか​たな [nàgákáꜜtànà] (Nakadaka – [3])
  • IPA(key): [na̠ɡa̠ka̠ta̠na̠]

Noun

長(なが)刀(がたな) or 長(なが)刀(かたな) • (nagagatana or nagakatana) 

  1. (weaponry, rare) a katana with a long blade

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
長 刀
ちょう
Grade: 2		 とう
Grade: 2
goon

/tjautau/ → /t͡ɕʲɔːtɔː/ → /t͡ɕɔːtɔː/

From Middle Chinese 長刀 (MC ɖɨɐŋ tɑu).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ちょーとー [chòótóó] (Heiban – [0])[3][4]
  • IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞ːto̞ː]

Noun

長(ちょう)刀(とう) • (chōtō) ←ちやうたう (tyautau)?

  1. a long sword
    Synonym: (literally “great sword”) 大刀 (daitō)
    Antonym: (literally “short sword”) 短刀 (tantō)
  2. a naginata
    Synonym: 薙刀 (naginata)

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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