黄砂

See also: 黃砂

Chinese
For pronunciation and definitions of 黄砂 – see 黃砂 (“yellow sand; loess; Asian Dust; etc.”).
(This term, 黄砂, is the simplified form of 黃砂.)
Notes:

Japanese

Etymology 1
黄砂: Kyōto, spring 2010, with the skies full of yellow sand (Asian Dust).
The Taklamakan Desert, source of the Asian Dust.
Kanji in this term
黄 砂
こう
Grade: 2		 さ
Grade: 6
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
黃砂 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese compound 黃砂 (MC ɦwɑŋ ʃˠa, “yellow sand”). Compare modern Mandarin 黃砂／黄砂.

Kan'on reading of both characters, suggesting a later borrowing.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

    Noun

    黄(こう)砂(さ) • (kōsa) ←くわうさ (kwausa)?

    1. yellow sand
    2. loess
    3. (figurative) a desert
    4. Asian Dust
    5. (figurative) a gaol (UK), jail (US), prison
    Synonyms
    • (desert): 砂漠 (さばく, ​sabaku)
    • (prison, jail, gaol): 牢獄 (ろうごく, ​rōgoku)

    Etymology 2
    Kanji in this term
    黄 砂
    おう
    Grade: 2    		 さ
    Grade: 6
    on’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    黃砂 (kyūjitai)

    From Middle Chinese. Goon reading of first character, kan'on reading of second, suggesting an alteration in Japan after the initial borrowing.

    Pronunciation

      Noun

      黄(おう)砂(さ) • (ōsa) ←わうさ (wausa)? (rare)

      1. (see kōsa reading above)

      References
      1. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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