-ийн

Mongolian

Etymology

From Classical Mongolian  ᠦᠨ (-ün) and  ᠶᠢᠨ (-yin), from Middle Mongol  ᠦᠨ (-ün) and  ᠶᠢᠨ (-yin).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /iːŋ/ (making a back-vowel mutation to the previous syllable: /a/ to /ɛ/, /ɔ/ to /ɵ/, /ʊ/ to /ʏ/)

Suffix

-ийн • (-iin)

  1. Marks the genitive case in the regular declension:
    1. After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant other than н (n).
      ‎нэр (ner, “name”) + ‎-ийн (-iin) → ‎нэрийн (neriin, “name’s, of name”)
    2. After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant followed by a short vowel (which is supplanted).
      ‎эрдэнэ (erdene, “treasure”) + ‎-ийн (-iin) → ‎эрдэнийн (erdeniin, “treasure’s, of treasure”)
    3. After a front vowel stem ending in an iotated vowel.
      ‎үе (üje, “joint”) + ‎-ийн (-iin) → ‎үеийн (üjeiin, “of the joint”).
    4. After a front or back vowel stem ending in ь (ʹ) or и (i) (which is supplanted).
      ‎толь (tolʹ, “mirror”) + ‎-ийн (-iin) → ‎толийн (toliin, “mirror’s, of mirror”)
    5. After a front or back vowel stem ending in the consonant г (g), к (k), ж (ž), ч (č), ш (š) or щ (šč).
      ‎тайж (tajž) + ‎-ийн (-iin) → ‎тайжийн (tajžiin)
  2. Forms patronymics.
    ‎Дорж (Dorž, given name) + ‎-ийн (-iin) → ‎Доржийн (Doržiin, patronymic)

Alternative forms

Derived terms

  • -ийнх (-iinx)
  • -ийнхээ (-iinxee), -ийнхөө (-iinxöö); -ийнхаа (-iinxaa), -ийнхоо (-iinxoo)

See also

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