-иня
Russian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-yni.
Pronunciation
- -иня: IPA(key): [ʲɪnʲə]
- -и́ня: IPA(key): [ˈʲinʲə]
- -иня́: IPA(key): [ʲɪˈnʲa]
Usage notes
In the recent times, this suffix is increasingly used to form feminine form of nouns ending with -лог (-log) (-logist), although many people may consider it as a neologism, and therefore choose to avoid it, replacing -иня with more traditional -лог (-log) or -логи́чка (-logíčka), despite the fact that -логичка may be considered as impolite. The use of -логиня is often associated with the younger generation or politically liberal milieu, like e.g. feminists or anarchists.
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -иня, -и́ня, -иня́ -inja, -ínja, -injá |
-ини, -и́ни, -ини́ -ini, -íni, -iní |
| genitive | -ини, -и́ни, -ини́ -ini, -íni, -iní |
-инь, -и́нь, -ине́й -inʹ, -ínʹ, -inéj |
| dative | -ине, -и́не, -ине́ -ine, -íne, -iné |
-иням, -и́ням, -иня́м -injam, -ínjam, -injám |
| accusative animate inanimate |
-иню, -и́ню, -иню́ -inju, -ínju, -injú |
-инь, -и́нь, -ине́й -inʹ, -ínʹ, -inéj |
| -ини, -и́ни, -ини́ -ini, -íni, -iní | ||
| instrumental | -иней, -инею, -и́ней, -и́нею, -инёй, -инёю -inej, -ineju, -ínej, -íneju, -injój, -injóju |
-инями, -и́нями, -иня́ми -injami, -ínjami, -injámi |
| prepositional | -ине, -и́не, -ине́ -ine, -íne, -iné |
-инях, -и́нях, -иня́х -injax, -ínjax, -injáx |
Derived terms
Ukrainian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-yni.
Pronunciation
- -иня: IPA(key): [ enʲɐ]
- -и́ня: IPA(key): [ ˈɪnʲɐ]
Suffix
-иня or -и́ня • (-ynja or -ýnja)
- forms feminine equivalents of masculine animate nouns
- княг- (knjah-, “king, duke, prince”) + -и́ня (-ýnja) → княги́ня (knjahýnja, “queen, duchess, princess”)
- бог (boh, “god”) + -и́ня (-ýnja) → боги́ня (bohýnja, “goddess”)
- продаве́ць (prodavécʹ, “seller”) + -и́ня (-ýnja) → продавчи́ня (prodavčýnja)
- астро́лог (astróloh, “astrologist”) + -и́ня (-ýnja) → астрологи́ня (astrolohýnja)
Usage notes
In the recent times, this suffix is increasingly used to form feminine forms of nouns, especially of ones ending with -лог (-loh) (-logist). This use of the suffix is approved by the 2019-reform of the Ukrainian language.