-mus

See also: Appendix:Variations of "mus"

Finnish

Etymology

-m- +‎ -us

Suffix

-mus (front vowel harmony variant -mys)

  1. Forms nouns from verbs. Variant of -us used with sallia-type verbs, and those muistaa and sanoa-type verbs whose stem consists of one syllable; the "m" is used to fill the gap as adding just "-us" would sound awkward.
    ‎tutkia (“to study, explore, investigate”) + ‎-mus → ‎tutkimus (“research, investigation”)
    ‎luottaa (“to trust”) + ‎-mus → ‎luottamus (“trust”)
  2. Forms names for people and things from stems.
    ‎yli- (“over, upper”) + ‎-mus → ‎ylimys (“aristocrat”)
    ‎surkea (“miserable”) + ‎-mus → ‎surkimus (“weakling”)
    ‎pyhä (“holy”) + ‎-mus → ‎pyhimys (“saint”)
    ‎iso (“large”) + ‎-mus → ‎isomus (“large gold nugget”)

Derived terms
Finnish terms suffixed with -mus

Descendants
  • → Northern Sami: -muš

Ingrian

Etymology

From -m- +‎ -us. Akin to Finnish -mus.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-mus (front vowel variant -ys)

  1. Used to form action nouns from verbs: -ing
    ‎kysy- (“to ask”) + ‎-mus → ‎kysymys (“question”)

Declension
Declension of -mus (type 2/petos, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative -mus -mukset
genitive -muksen -muksiin
partitive -musta, -must -muksia
illative -muksee -muksii
inessive -muksees -muksiis
elative -muksest -muksist
allative -mukselle -muksille
adessive -mukseel -muksiil
ablative -mukselt -muksilt
translative -mukseks -muksiks
essive -muksenna, -mukseen -muksinna, -muksiin
exessive1) -muksent -muksint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms
Ingrian terms suffixed with -mus

Northern Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic [Term?].

Suffix

-mus (with odd-syllable stems -eamọs)

  1. Forms the superlative of adjectives.

Usage notes
  • This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

Inflection
Even a-stem, ss-s gradation
Attributive -mus
Nominative -mus
Genitive -musa
Attributive -mus
Singular Plural
Nominative -mus -musat
Accusative -musa -musaid
Genitive -musa -musaid
Illative -mussii -musaide
Locative -musas -musain
Comitative -musain -musaiguin
Essive -mussan

Derived terms
  • See Category:Northern Sami adjective superlative forms
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