< Reconstruction:Latin
Reconstruction:Latin/fendo
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This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Latin
Etymology
Unattested verb only found in compounds (see derived terms below), from Proto-Italic *fendō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to strike, kill”). Cognate with Ancient Greek θείνω (theínō, “to strike”), Albanian gjuaj, Sanskrit हन्ति (hánti).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈfen.do/, [ˈfɛn̪d̪ɔ]
Verb
*fendō (present infinitive *fendere, perfect active *fendī, supine *fēnsum); third conjugation
Inflection
| Conjugation of *fendō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | *fendō | *fendis | *fendit | *fendimus | *fenditis | *fendunt |
| imperfect | *fendēbam | *fendēbās | *fendēbat | *fendēbāmus | *fendēbātis | *fendēbant | |
| future | *fendam | *fendēs | *fendet | *fendēmus | *fendētis | *fendent | |
| perfect | *fendī | *fendistī | *fendit | *fendimus | *fendistis | *fendērunt, *fendēre | |
| pluperfect | *fenderam | *fenderās | *fenderat | *fenderāmus | *fenderātis | *fenderant | |
| future perfect | *fenderō | *fenderis | *fenderit | *fenderimus | *fenderitis | *fenderint | |
| passive | present | *fendor | *fenderis, *fendere |
*fenditur | *fendimur | *fendiminī | *fenduntur |
| imperfect | *fendēbar | *fendēbāris, *fendēbāre |
*fendēbātur | *fendēbāmur | *fendēbāminī | *fendēbantur | |
| future | *fendar | *fendēris, *fendēre |
*fendētur | *fendēmur | *fendēminī | *fendentur | |
| perfect | *fēnsus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | *fēnsus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | *fēnsus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | *fendam | *fendās | *fendat | *fendāmus | *fendātis | *fendant |
| imperfect | *fenderem | *fenderēs | *fenderet | *fenderēmus | *fenderētis | *fenderent | |
| perfect | *fenderim | *fenderīs | *fenderit | *fenderīmus | *fenderītis | *fenderint | |
| pluperfect | *fendissem | *fendissēs | *fendisset | *fendissēmus | *fendissētis | *fendissent | |
| passive | present | *fendar | *fendāris, *fendāre |
*fendātur | *fendāmur | *fendāminī | *fendantur |
| imperfect | *fenderer | *fenderēris, *fenderēre |
*fenderētur | *fenderēmur | *fenderēminī | *fenderentur | |
| perfect | *fēnsus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | *fēnsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | *fende | — | — | *fendite | — |
| future | — | *fenditō | *fenditō | — | *fenditōte | *fenduntō | |
| passive | present | — | *fendere | — | — | *fendiminī | — |
| future | — | *fenditor | *fenditor | — | — | *fenduntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | *fendere | *fendisse | *fēnsūrum esse | *fendī | *fēnsum esse | *fēnsum īrī | |
| participles | *fendēns | — | *fēnsūrus | — | *fēnsus | *fendendus, *fendundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| *fendendī | *fendendō | *fendendum | *fendendō | *fēnsum | *fēnsū | ||
Derived terms
- dēfendō
- īnfēnsus
- manifestus (uncertain)
- offendō
References
- “fendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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