Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/albiyū

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂elbʰós (“white”). For the semantic development, compare Old Church Slavonic свѣтъ (světŭ, “light; world”).

Noun

*albiyū f

luminous world, upper world, (the habitable surface of the) world
high mountain (especially in the Alps), alp
alpine pasture
Britain

Declension

Masculine/feminine n-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*albiyū	*albiyone?	*albiyones
vocative	*albiyū	*albiyone?	*albiyones
accusative	*albiyonam	*albiyone?	*albiyonams
genitive	*albiyonos	*albiyonows?	*albiyonom
dative	*albiyonei	*albiyombom	*albiyombos
locative	*albiyon(i)	*?	*?
instrumental	*albiyonei	*albiyombim	*albiyombis

Related terms

*albiyos
*albos
*albanos

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *ėlβɨð
- Old Welsh: elbid
  - Middle Welsh: eluit, eluyd
    - Welsh: elfydd
Goidelic:
- Old Irish: Albu (“Scotland”)
  - → Middle Welsh: Albbu
  - Irish: Albain, Alba
    - → Welsh: Alban
    - → Cornish: Alban
    - → Latin: Albania
      - → Middle English: Albany
        English: Albany
  - Manx: Nalbin, Albin, Albey
  - Scottish Gaelic: Alba
Hispano-Celtic:
- → Latin: Albiones (ethnonym)
→ Ancient Greek: Ἀλβίων (Albíōn), Ἀλουΐων (Alouḯōn)
- → Latin: Albiōn
  - → English: Albion
→ Proto-West Germanic: *albijā
- Old Saxon: elbon
- Old High German: alba, Albūn
  - Middle High German: albe, Alben
    - German: Alpe, Alp, Alm, Alpen
→? Latin: alpis, Alpēs (see there for further descendants)
- → English: Alps

References

Celtic Lexicon – University of Wales
Philip Freeman (2006), “Albion, Albiones”, in John T. Koch, editor, Celtic culture: a historical encyclopedia, volume 1, Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, pages 38f.
Xavier Delamarre (2003), “albos, albios, albanos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise, 2nd edition, Paris: Editions Errance, →ISBN, pages 37f.

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