< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/dringeti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *dregʰ-. Cognate with Russian держа́ть (deržátʹ).
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *dringū | *dringemam | *didrixsū | *dedroga |
| 2nd singular | *dringesi | *dringetās | *didrixsesi | *dedrogas? |
| 3rd singular | *dringeti | *dringeto | *didrixseti | *dedroge |
| 1st plural | *dringomosi | *dringemo | *didrixsomosi | *dedrogmo |
| 2nd plural | *dringetesi | *dringestē | *didrixsetesi | ? |
| 3rd plural | *dringonti | *dringento | *didrixsonti | *dedrogar |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *drexsū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *drexsesi | ? | *dringe | |
| 3rd singular | *drexseti | ? | *dringetou | |
| 1st plural | *drexsomosi | ? | *dringomos | |
| 2nd plural | *drexsetesi | ? | *dringete | |
| 3rd plural | *drexsonti | ? | *dringontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *dringūr | — | *didrixsūr | — |
| 2nd singular | *dringetar | — | *didrixsetar | — |
| 3rd singular | *dringetor | ? | *didrixsetor | — |
| 1st plural | *dringommor | — | *didrixsommor | — |
| 2nd plural | *dringedwe | — | *didrixsedwe | — |
| 3rd plural | *dringontor | ? | *didrixsontor | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *drexsūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *drexsetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *drexsetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *drexsommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *drexsedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *drexsontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *drixtos | *drixtou | *drixtoi |
| vocative | *drixte | *drixtou | *drixtūs |
| accusative | *drixtom | *drixtou | *drixtoms |
| genitive | *drixtī | *drixtous | *drixtom |
| dative | *drixtūi | *drixtobom | *drixtobos |
| instrumental | *drixtū | *drixtobim | *drixtobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *drixtā | *drixtai | *drixtās |
| vocative | *drixtā | *drixtai | *drixtās |
| accusative | *drixtam | *drixtai | *drixtams |
| genitive | *drixtās | *drixtous | *drixtom |
| dative | *drixtai | *drixtābom | *drixtābos |
| instrumental | *? | *drixtābim | *drixtābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *drixtom | *drixtou | *drixtā |
| vocative | *drixtom | *drixtou | *drixtā |
| accusative | *drixtom | *drixtou | *drixtā |
| genitive | *drixtī | *drixtous | *drixtom |
| dative | *drixtūi | *drixtobom | *drixtobos |
| instrumental | *drixtū | *drixtobim | *drixtobis |
References
- Corrected and Revised Ranko Matasović’s Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Brill, Leiden 2009)
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