< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/madyeti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
Possibly from (and formally derivable from) Proto-Indo-European *meh₂d- (“to be wet, moist”), though the semantic connection is weak; the evolution could have been from describing the bursting of streams and torrents to the more general use of breaking and bursting. Similar sense development is found in Serbo-Croatian prsnuti (“to explode, blow up”) and prskati (“to sprinkle, squirt, water”).
Declension
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *madyū | *madyemam | *mimatsū | *memāda |
| 2nd singular | *madyesi | *madyetās | *mimatsesi | *memādas? |
| 3rd singular | *madyeti | *madyeto | *mimatseti | *memāde |
| 1st plural | *madyomosi | *madyemo | *mimatsomosi | *memādmo |
| 2nd plural | *madyetesi | *madyestē | *mimatsetesi | ? |
| 3rd plural | *madyonti | *madyento | *mimatsonti | *memādar |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *mātsū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *mātsesi | ? | *madye | |
| 3rd singular | *mātseti | ? | *madyetou | |
| 1st plural | *mātsomosi | ? | *madyomos | |
| 2nd plural | *mātsetesi | ? | *madyete | |
| 3rd plural | *mātsonti | ? | *madyontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *madyūr | — | *mimatsūr | — |
| 2nd singular | *madyetar | — | *mimatsetar | — |
| 3rd singular | *madyetor | ? | *mimatsetor | — |
| 1st plural | *madyommor | — | *mimatsommor | — |
| 2nd plural | *madyedwe | — | *mimatsedwe | — |
| 3rd plural | *madyontor | ? | *mimatsontor | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *mātsūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *mātsetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *mātsetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *mātsommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *mātsedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *mātsontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *massos | *massou | *massoi |
| vocative | *masse | *massou | *massūs |
| accusative | *massom | *massou | *massoms |
| genitive | *massī | *massous | *massom |
| dative | *massūi | *massobom | *massobos |
| instrumental | *massū | *massobim | *massobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *massā | *massai | *massās |
| vocative | *massā | *massai | *massās |
| accusative | *massam | *massai | *massams |
| genitive | *massās | *massous | *massom |
| dative | *massai | *massābom | *massābos |
| instrumental | *? | *massābim | *massābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *massom | *massou | *massā |
| vocative | *massom | *massou | *massā |
| accusative | *massom | *massou | *massā |
| genitive | *massī | *massous | *massom |
| dative | *massūi | *massobom | *massobos |
| instrumental | *massū | *massobim | *massobis |
Descendants
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*mad-yo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 251-52
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