< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wourū
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
Generally held as cognate to Ancient Greek εὑρίσκω (heurískō, “to find, discover”).[1] The root may be reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *wreh₁- or *werh₁-; it is impossible to ascertain which is correct.[2]
Inflection
Defective verb in Celtic, only preterite and past participle forms are known to exist.
| Suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | ? | ? | ? | *wourū |
| 2nd singular | ? | ? | ? | *wourūs |
| 3rd singular | ? | ? | ? | *wourū |
| 1st plural | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 2nd plural | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| 3rd plural | ? | ? | ? | *wourar |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | ? | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | ? | ? | ? | |
| 3rd singular | ? | ? | ? | |
| 1st plural | ? | ? | ? | |
| 2nd plural | ? | ? | ? | |
| 3rd plural | ? | ? | ? | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | ? | — | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | ? | — | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | ? | ? | ? | — |
| 1st plural | ? | — | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | ? | — | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | ? | ? | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | ? | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | ? | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | ? | — | — | |
| 1st plural | ? | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | ? | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | ? | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *wrītos | *wrītou | *wrītoi |
| vocative | *wrīte | *wrītou | *wrītūs |
| accusative | *wrītom | *wrītou | *wrītoms |
| genitive | *wrītī | *wrītous | *wrītom |
| dative | *wrītūi | *wrītobom | *wrītobos |
| instrumental | *wrītū | *wrītobim | *wrītobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *wrītā | *wrītai | *wrītās |
| vocative | *wrītā | *wrītai | *wrītās |
| accusative | *wrītam | *wrītai | *wrītams |
| genitive | *wrītās | *wrītous | *wrītom |
| dative | *wrītai | *wrītābom | *wrītābos |
| instrumental | *? | *wrītābim | *wrītābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *wrītom | *wrītou | *wrītā |
| vocative | *wrītom | *wrītou | *wrītā |
| accusative | *wrītom | *wrītou | *wrītā |
| genitive | *wrītī | *wrītous | *wrītom |
| dative | *wrītūi | *wrītobom | *wrītobos |
| instrumental | *wrītū | *wrītobim | *wrītobis |
Descendants
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*wer-V-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 414
- Zair, Nicholas (November 13, 2015), “Old Irish gniid ‘makes, does’, Middle Welsh gweinydaf ‘serve’, and i-presents”, in Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie, volume 62, issue 1, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, , →ISSN, pages 213–222
- Schumacher, Stefan; Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 681-682
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