< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/joostak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unclear. Two etymologies have been suggested:
- From *joodak (“to drink”) + *-stak, then perhaps suggesting that the verb's original meaning was "to flow".
- Cognate to Hungarian ívik (“to spawn”), from Proto-Uralic *jokse-, with irregular vowel length.
Inflection
Inflection of *joostak
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *jooksen | *jooksin | — | *jooskon |
| 2nd sing. | *jookset | *jooksit | *jooksek | *jooskos |
| 3rd sing. | *jooksebi *jooksi |
*jooksi | *jooskahen | *jooskohen |
| 1st plur. | *jooksekmek *jooksekmak |
*jooksimek *jooksimak |
*jooskademek *jooskadamak |
*jooskodemek *jooskodamak |
| 2nd plur. | *jooksektek *jooksektak |
*jooksidek *jooksidak |
*jooskade *jooskada |
*jooskot'ek *jooskodadak |
| 3rd plur. | *jooksebat *jooksi |
*jooksi | *jooskahen | *jooskohen |
| passive | *jookseksen | *joostihen *jooksettisen |
*joostagasen *jooksettakahen |
*joostagosen *jooksettakohen |
| connegative | *jooksek | — | *jooskak | *jooskok |
| passive connegative | *jooksektak | — | *joostagak *jooksettagak |
*joostagok *jooksettagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *jooksekcin | *jooksicin | *joossen | |
| 2nd sing. | *jooksekcit | *jooksicit | *joosset | |
| 3rd sing. | *jooksekci | *jooksici | *joossi | |
| 1st plur. | *jooksekcimek *jooksekcimak |
*jooksicimek *jooksicimak |
*joossemek *joossemak | |
| 2nd plur. | *jooksekcidek *jooksekcidak |
*jooksicidek *jooksicidak |
*joossedek *joossedak | |
| 3rd plur. | *jooksekci | *jooksici | *joossi | |
| passive | *joostakcisen *jookset'akcihen |
*joosticisen *jooksetticihen |
*joostanesen *jooksettanehen | |
| connegative | *jooksekcik | *jooksicik | *joossek | |
| passive connegative | *joostakcik *jookset'akcik |
*joosticik *jooksetticik |
*joostanek *jooksettanek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *joostak | present | *jookseba | *joostaba *jooksettapa |
| infinitive 2 | *jooste- | past | *joossut | *joostu *jooksettu |
| gerund/supine | *jooksema | |||
| action noun | *jookseminen | |||
Derived terms
- *jooksu
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