< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kecrä

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From earlier *kečrä, borrowed from early Indo-Iranian *ketstram (whence Sanskrit चात्त्र (cāttra), from *čatstram). The same word has been borrowed also to other Uralic languages: Proto-Samic *kearsē, Erzya шчире (ščire), Moksha кштирь (kštirʹ), Eastern Mari шӱдыр (šüdyr).

Reconstruction

Over the 20th century often reconstructed as *kešträ or *kesträ (compare also *acraga, *icra, *ocra). Reconstruction of this word group with an affricate has been first suggested by Äimä (1921), and is defended by Kallio (2012: 230–231) on the grounds that early Proto-Finnic did not allow clusters of three or more consonants.

Noun

*kecrä

  1. spindle
  2. wheel, flywheel
    Synonyms: *pöörä, *rat'as

Inflection
Inflection of *kecrä
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *kecrä *kecrät
accusative *kecrän *kecrät
genitive *kecrän *kecräden
*kecreiden
partitive *kecrädä *kecreidä
inessive *kecrässä
*kecrähnä		 *kecreissä
*kecreihnä
elative *kecrästä *kecreistä
illative *kecrähen *kecreihen
adessive *kecrällä *kecreillä
ablative *kecrältä *kecreiltä
allative *kecrälen
*kecrälek		 *kecreilen
*kecreilek
essive *kecränä *kecreinä
translative *kecräksi *kecreiksi
instructive *kecrän *kecrein
comitative *kecränek *kecreinek
abessive *kecrättä *kecreittä

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Estonian: keder
  • Finnish: kehrä, (Eastern) keträ
  • Karelian:
    • North Karelian: kesrä
    • South Karelian: kezrä
  • Livonian: kie'ddõr
  • Livvi: kezry
  • Ludian: kezr
  • Veps: kezr
  • Võro: ⇒ keeri

References
  • Äimä, Frans. 1921. "Lisänen ahrain sanan etymologiaan". — Virittäjä 25: 63–.
  • Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
  • Kallio, Petri. 2012. "The Prehistoric Germanic Loanword Strata in Finnic." — A Linguistic Map of Prehistoric Northern Europe. Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia 266: 225–238.
  • Koivulehto, Jorma. 2001. "The earliest contacts between Indo-European and Uralic speakers in the light of lexical loans". — Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European. Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia 242: 235–263.
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