< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kustudak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *kupsa-. Cognate with Proto-Samic *kopsētēk.
Inflection
Inflection of *kustudak
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *kustun | *kustuin | — | *kustugon |
| 2nd sing. | *kustut | *kustuit | *kustuk | *kustugos |
| 3rd sing. | *kustubi *kustu |
*kustui | *kustugasen | *kustugosen |
| 1st plur. | *kustukmek *kustukmak |
*kustuimek *kustuimak |
*kustugatemek *kustugatamak |
*kustugotemek *kustugotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *kustuktek *kustuktak |
*kustuidek *kustuidak |
*kustugate *kustugata |
*kustugot'ek *kustugotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *kustubat *kustu |
*kustui | *kustugasen | *kustugosen |
| passive | *kustuksen | *kustudisen *kustuttisen |
*kustudakahen *kustuttakahen |
*kustudakohen *kustuttakohen |
| connegative | *kustuk | — | *kustugak | *kustugok |
| passive connegative | *kustuktak | — | *kustudagak *kustuttagak |
*kustudagok *kustuttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *kustukcin | *kustuicin | *kustunen | |
| 2nd sing. | *kustukcit | *kustuicit | *kustunet | |
| 3rd sing. | *kustukci | *kustuici | *kustuni | |
| 1st plur. | *kustukcimek *kustukcimak |
*kustuicimek *kustuicimak |
*kustunemek *kustunemak | |
| 2nd plur. | *kustukcidek *kustukcidak |
*kustuicidek *kustuicidak |
*kustunedek *kustunedak | |
| 3rd plur. | *kustukci | *kustuici | *kustuni | |
| passive | *kustudakcihen *kustut'akcihen |
*kustudicihen *kustutticihen |
*kustudanehen *kustuttanehen | |
| connegative | *kustukcik | *kustuicik | *kustunek | |
| passive connegative | *kustudakcik *kustut'akcik |
*kustudicik *kustutticik |
*kustudanek *kustuttanek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *kustudak | present | *kustuba | *kustudapa *kustuttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *kustude- | past | *kustunut | *kustudu *kustuttu |
| gerund/supine | *kustuma | |||
| action noun | *kustuminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: kustuma/kustuda
- Livonian: kistõ
- Võro: kistuma/kistudaq
- Votic: kussua
Further reading
- Entry #416 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary. Internet Archive
- kustuma in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
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