Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sappi

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *säppä. The development *ä-ä > *a-i is found in most applicable words of Uralic or Finno-Ugric pedigree, such as *talvi, *pooli, *loomi, and according to Zhivlov (2014), it is perhaps regular.

Noun

*sappi

gall, bile
halo

Inflection

Inflection of *sappi

	singular	plural
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
nominative	*sappi	*sap'et
accusative	*sap'en	*sap'et
genitive	*sap'en	sappeden sappiden
partitive	*sappeda	*sappida
inessive	sap'essa sap'ehna	sap'issa sap'ihna
elative	*sap'esta	*sap'ista
illative	*sappehen	*sappihen
adessive	*sap'ella	*sap'illa
ablative	*sap'elta	*sap'ilta
allative	sappelen sappelek	sappilen sappilek
essive	*sappena	*sappina
translative	*sap'eksi	*sap'iksi
instructive	*sap'en	*sap'in
comitative	*sappenek	*sappinek
abessive	*sap'etta	*sap'itta

Descendants

Estonian: sapp
Finnish: sappi
Ingrian: sappi
Karelian: sappi, šappi
Livonian: zäp
Livvi: sappi
Ludian: sap
Veps: sap
Võro: sapp
Votic: sappi

References

sapp in Metsmägi, Iris; Sedrik, Meeli; Soosaar, Sven-Erik (2012), Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat, Tallinn: Eesti Keele Instituut, →ISBN
Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Zhivlov, Mikhail. 2014. "Studies in Uralic vocalism III". In Journal of Language Relationship 12, pp. 113–148.

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