< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/toivodak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Related to Proto-Samic *toajvōtēk.
Inflection
Inflection of *toivodak
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *toivon | *toivoin | — | *toivogon |
| 2nd sing. | *toivot | *toivoit | *toivok | *toivogos |
| 3rd sing. | *toivobi *toivo |
*toivoi | *toivogasen | *toivogosen |
| 1st plur. | *toivokmek *toivokmak |
*toivoimek *toivoimak |
*toivogatemek *toivogatamak |
*toivogotemek *toivogotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *toivoktek *toivoktak |
*toivoidek *toivoidak |
*toivogate *toivogata |
*toivogot'ek *toivogotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *toivobat *toivo |
*toivoi | *toivogasen | *toivogosen |
| passive | *toivoksen | *toivodisen *toivottisen |
*toivodakahen *toivottakahen |
*toivodakohen *toivottakohen |
| connegative | *toivok | — | *toivogak | *toivogok |
| passive connegative | *toivoktak | — | *toivodagak *toivottagak |
*toivodagok *toivottagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *toivokcin | *toivoicin | *toivonen | |
| 2nd sing. | *toivokcit | *toivoicit | *toivonet | |
| 3rd sing. | *toivokci | *toivoici | *toivoni | |
| 1st plur. | *toivokcimek *toivokcimak |
*toivoicimek *toivoicimak |
*toivonemek *toivonemak | |
| 2nd plur. | *toivokcidek *toivokcidak |
*toivoicidek *toivoicidak |
*toivonedek *toivonedak | |
| 3rd plur. | *toivokci | *toivoici | *toivoni | |
| passive | *toivodakcihen *toivot'akcihen |
*toivodicihen *toivotticihen |
*toivodanehen *toivottanehen | |
| connegative | *toivokcik | *toivoicik | *toivonek | |
| passive connegative | *toivodakcik *toivot'akcik |
*toivodicik *toivotticik |
*toivodanek *toivottanek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *toivodak | present | *toivoba | *toivodapa *toivottapa |
| infinitive 2 | *toivode- | past | *toivonut | *toivodu *toivottu |
| gerund/supine | *toivoma | |||
| action noun | *toivominen | |||
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