< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vartodak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Probably from earlier *varta- (whence also Proto-Samic *vuortētēk) + *-odak, the root being borrowed from Proto-Germanic *wardāną.
Inflection
Inflection of *vartodak
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *vardon | *vardoin | — | *vartogon |
| 2nd sing. | *vardot | *vardoit | *vardok | *vartogos |
| 3rd sing. | *vartobi *varto |
*vartoi | *vartogasen | *vartogosen |
| 1st plur. | *vardokmek *vardokmak |
*vartoimek *vartoimak |
*vartogatemek *vartogatamak |
*vartogotemek *vartogotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *vardoktek *vardoktak |
*vartoidek *vartoidak |
*vartogate *vartogata |
*vartogot'ek *vartogotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *vartobat *varto |
*vartoi | *vartogasen | *vartogosen |
| passive | *vardoksen | *vartodisen *vardottisen |
*vartodakahen *vardottakahen |
*vartodakohen *vardottakohen |
| connegative | *vardok | — | *vartogak | *vartogok |
| passive connegative | *vardoktak | — | *vartodagak *vardottagak |
*vartodagok *vardottagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *vardokcin | *vartoicin | *vartonen | |
| 2nd sing. | *vardokcit | *vartoicit | *vartonet | |
| 3rd sing. | *vardokci | *vartoici | *vartoni | |
| 1st plur. | *vardokcimek *vardokcimak |
*vartoicimek *vartoicimak |
*vartonemek *vartonemak | |
| 2nd plur. | *vardokcidek *vardokcidak |
*vartoicidek *vartoicidak |
*vartonedek *vartonedak | |
| 3rd plur. | *vardokci | *vartoici | *vartoni | |
| passive | *vartodakcihen *vardot'akcihen |
*vartodicihen *vardotticihen |
*vartodanehen *vardottanehen | |
| connegative | *vardokcik | *vartoicik | *vartonek | |
| passive connegative | *vartodakcik *vardot'akcik |
*vartodicik *vardotticik |
*vartodanek *vardottanek | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *vartodak | present | *vartoba | *vartodapa *vardottapa |
| infinitive 2 | *vartode- | past | *vartonut | *vartodu *vardottu |
| gerund/supine | *vartoma | |||
| action noun | *vartominen | |||
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “varrota”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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