Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/askaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

*askaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃s-.

Noun

*askaz m[1]

ash tree

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *askaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*askaz	askōz, askōs
vocative	*ask	askōz, askōs
accusative	*aską	*askanz
genitive	askas, askis	*askǫ̂
dative	*askai	*askamaz
instrumental	*askō	*askamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *ask
- Old English: æsċ
  - Middle English: asshe
    - English: ash
    - Scots: aish, esh
- Old Frisian: ask
  - West Frisian: esk
- Old Saxon: ask
  - Middle Low German: esk
    - Plautdietsch: Asch
- Old Dutch: *ask
  - Middle Dutch: esk
    - Dutch: es
- Old High German: asc
  - Middle High German: asche, esche
    - Cimbrian: ess
    - German: Esche
    - Luxembourgish: Esch
    - Yiddish: אַשבוים‎ (ashboym)
Old Norse: askr
- Icelandic: askur
- Faroese: askur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: ask
- Old Swedish: asker
  - Swedish: ask
    - → Finnish: aski
- Old Danish: ask
  - Danish: ask
    - Norwegian Bokmål: ask
- Gutnish: ask, äsk
- → Old East Slavic: а́скъ (áskŭ), ꙗ́скъ (jáskŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: ꙗ́щъ
    - ⇒ Old Ruthenian: ꙗ́щикъ
      - Belarusian: я́шчык (jáščyk) (dialectal)
      - Ukrainian: я́щик (jáščyk)
  - ⇒ Middle Russian: ꙗ́щїкъ (jáščik)
    - Russian: я́щик (jáščik)

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*aska-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 38

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[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*aska-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 38